Novel diagnostic and imaging techniques in endovascular iliac artery procedures

Figures & data

Figure 1. Example of an iliac image fusion with overlay of a vascular tree.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the 3DMR-Iliac-Roadmapping study population^a,b,c.

				group with fusion (n = 19)		Group without fusion (n = 20)		P
Age (years)				67.0	[50–88]	66.5	[50–86]	0.767 ^c
Sex			Male	13/19		15/20		0.731 ^b
Rutherford categories
	Rutherford category 1			1/19 5/19		1/20		1.000 ^b
	Rutherford category 2			5/19		6/20		1.000 ^b
	Rutherford category 3			9/19		9/20		1.000 ^b
	Rutherford category 4			3/19		4/20		0.106 ^b
	Rutherford category 5			1/19		0/20		0.342 ^b
Functional parameters
		ABI in rest		0.6	[0.4–0.9]	0.6	[0.3–0.9]	0.55 ^c
		ABI after exercise		0.2	[0.1–0.8]	0.3	[0.1–0.8]	0.94 ^c
		Pain-free walking distance	meter	85	[10–300]	100	[30–2000]	0.44 ^c
Creatinine			µmol/l	81	[59–247]	90	[45–120]	0.51 ^c
Risk factors
	Diabetes		Yes	5/19		3/20		0.45 ^b
	Smoking, current or recent		Yes	13/19		13/20		1.00 ^b
	BMI		Kg/m2	26.5	[18.6–34.7]	24.4	[18.3–34.9]	0.24 ^c

ABI, ankle brachial index; BMI, Body Mass Index.

^aContinuous data are shown as median [range]

^bPierson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact test where appropriate, unless otherwise indicated

^cOne-tailed Mann-Whitney U test

Table 2. Study end points of the 3DMR-iliac-roadmapping study population^a,b,c.

		Group with fusion (n = 19)		Group without fusion (n = 20)		P
Primary endpoint
Volume iodinated contrast	ml	32	[7–112]	42	[20–137]	0.25 ^c
Secondary endpoints
Technical success (<30% residual stenosis)	Yes	19		18		0.49 ^b
Fluoroscopy time	mm:ss	05:27	[01:29–32:25]	04:12	[01:11–45:48]	0.93 ^c
Procedure time	minutes	46	[13–111]	37	[13–124]	0.93 ^c
Radiation dose (DAP)	mGycm2	48,955	[1430–15,900]	23,986	[1717–95,782]	0.96 ^c
Air Kerma (AK)	mGy	188	[71–754]	144	[25–3355]	0.83 ^c

DAP, dose area product; AK, air kerma

^aContinuous data are shown as median [range]

^bPierson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact test where appropriate, unless otherwise indicated

^cOne-tailed Mann-Whitney U test

Figure 2. Incorporation of hair-thin optical fibers into a catheter (courtesy of Philips Medical Systems Nederland, Best, The Netherlands).