Effect of ambrisentan on echocardiographic and Doppler measures from patients in China with pulmonary arterial hypertension

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics and baseline characteristics of patients: ITT population.

Characteristics	Ambrisentan (n = 95)
Mean age, years (SD)	35.7 (9.88)
Women, n (%)	77 (81.05)
Not Hispanic or Latino	95 (100)
BMI (kg/m^2), Mean (SD)	21.53 (3.27)
PAH classification, n (%):
CTD-PAH	41 (43.16)
Non CTD-PAH population:	54 (56.8)
IPAH	41 (43.16)
HPAH	3 (3.16)
PAH-Congenital Heart disease	10 (10.53)

BMI, body mass index; CTD, connective tissue disease; HPAH, hereditable pulmonary arterial hypertension; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; ITT, intention to treat; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2. Change from baseline in echocardiographic measures of right ventricle systolic function after ambrisentan treatment: ITT population.

	Week 12				Week 24
		Change from baseline			Change from baseline
Efficacy measures	n	Mean (SD)	p-value	n	Mean (SD)	p-value
Tissue Doppler–derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (S’) (cm/s)
Overall	74	0.6 (1.55)	<0.001	77	0.6 (1.86)	0.004
CTD-PAH	27	0.7 (1.75)	0.04	31	0.9 (1.85)	0.01
Non CTD-PAH	47	0.6 (1.44)	0.012	46	0.4 (1.87)	0.12
TAPSE (cm)
Overall	77	0.13 (0.32)	<0.001	82	0.15 (0.34)	<0.001
CTD-PAH	28	0.15 (0.33)	0.02	34	0.22 (0.28)	<0.001
Non CTD-PAH	49	0.12 (0.32)	0.01	48	0.09 (0.37)	0.09
Tricuspid E peak (cm/s)
Overall	71	–0.8 (18.5)	0.72	75	–2.5 (16.56)	0.2
CTD-PAH	26	4.2 (18.42)	0.26	32	0.7 (13.18)	0.77
Non CTD-PAH	45	–3.7 (18.13)	0.18	43	–4.9 (18.48)	0.09
Tricuspid A peak (cm/s)
Overall	71	5 (15.23)	0.007	75	0.6 (13.93)	0.69
CTD-PAH	26	8.3 (16.03)	0.014	32	2.4 (12.40)	0.28
Non CTD-PAH	45	3.1 (14.58)	0.16	43	–0.7 (14.96)	0.76
RV-arterial coupling (TAPSE/PASP): (cm/mmHg)
Overall	72	0.005 (0.008)	<0.0001	77	0.006 (0.011)	<0.0001
CTD-PAH	26	0.006 (0.009)	0.0010	32	0.009 (0.014)	0.0013
Non CTD-PAH	46	0.005 (0.007)	<0.0001	45	0.004 (0.007)	0.0002

*p-value is from paired t-test between baseline and post-baseline values.

CTD, connective tissue disease; ITT, intention to treat; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RV, right ventricular; SD, standard deviation; TAPSE, Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.

Table 3. Change from baseline in echocardiographic measures of right heart structure after ambrisentan treatment: ITT population.

	Week 12			Week 24
		Change from baseline			Change from baseline
Efficacy measures	n	Mean (SD)	p-value	N	Mean (SD)	p-value
Right atrium diameter (major/longitudinal, cm)
Overall	74	–0.04 (0.74)	0.67	77	–0.12 (0.64)	0.11
CTD-PAH	26	0.13 (0.72)	0.37	32	–0.05 (0.58)	0.63
Non CTD-PAH	48	–0.13 (0.74)	0.24	45	–0.17 (0.68)	0.11
Right atrium diameter (minor/transverse, cm)
Overall	74	–0.14 (0.76)	0.11	77	–0.23 (0.68)	0.004
CTD-PAH	26	–0.22 (0.71)	0.13	32	–0.26 (0.53)	0.01
Non CTD-PAH	48	–0.1 (0.80)	0.37	45	–0.21 (0.77)	0.08
Right ventricular diameter (transverse, cm)
Overall	74	–0.12 (0.51)	0.04	77	–0.28 (0.42)	<0.001
CTD-PAH	26	–0.21 (0.45)	0.03	32	–0.38 (0.41)	<0.001
Non CTD-PAH	48	–0.08 (0.54)	0.33	45	–0.22 (0.42)	0.001
Right ventricular diameter (longitudinal, cm)
Overall	74	–0.07 (0.81)	0.43	77	–0.04 (0.66)	0.58
CTD-PAH	26	0.13 (0.85)	0.43	32	0.06 (0.63)	0.60
Non CTD-PAH	48	–0.19 (0.78)	0.10	45	–0.11 (0.68)	0.27
Systolic eccentricity index
Overall	76	0 (0.42)	0.38	80	–0.1 (0.4)	0.01
CTD-PAH	29	–0.1 (0.36)	0.05	34	–0.2 (0.41)	0.01
Non CTD-PAH	47	0 (0.45)	0.80	46	–0.1 (0.39)	0.17
Diastolic eccentricity index
Overall	75	–0.1 (0.24)	0.02	80	–0.1 (0.21)	0.001
CTD-PAH	29	–0.1 (0.24)	0.17	34	–0.1 (0.20)	0.002
Non CTD-PAH	46	–0.1 (0.24)	0.06	46	–0.1 (0.22)	0.11

*p-value is from paired t-test between baseline and post-baseline values.

CTD, connective tissue disease; ITT, intention to treat; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.

Table 4. Change from baseline in echocardiographic measures of pulmonary artery systolic pressure prognosis after ambrisentan treatment: intention-to-treat population.

	Week 12			Week 24
		Change from baseline			Change from baseline
Efficacy measures	n	Mean (SD)	p-value	N	Mean (SD)	p-value
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mm Hg)
Overall	74	–9.5 (18.33)	<0.001	77	–7.6 (16.38)	<0.001
CTD-PAH	27	–8.0 (17.65)	0.03	32	–7.2 (17.73)	0.03
Non CTD-PAH	47	–10.3 (18.83)	<0.001	45	–7.9 (15.55)	0.001
Estimated right atrium pressure (mm Hg)
Overall	76	–0.4 (3.03)	0.31	79	–0.8 (2.89)	0.01
CTD-PAH	28	–0.6 (1.37)	0.02	33	–0.9 (1.58)	0.003
Non CTD-PAH	48	–0.2 (3.67)	0.73	46	–0.8 (3.57)	0.14

*p-value is from paired t-test between baseline and post-baseline values.

CTD-PAH, connective tissue disease-pulmonary arterial hypertension; ITT, intention to treat; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.

Table 5. Change from baseline in echocardiographic measures of left ventricle diastolic function after ambrisentan treatment: ITT population subgroups.

	Week 12			Week 24
		Change from baseline			Change from baseline
Efficacy measures	n	Mean (SD)	p-value	N	Mean (SD)	p-value
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (cm)
Overall	76	0.21 (0.51)	<0.001	79	0.16 (0.51)	0.01
CTD-PAH	28	0.23 (0.5)	0.03	33	0.27 (0.55)	0.01
Non CTD-PAH	48	0.20 (0.51)	0.01	46	0.07 (0.47)	0.3
Mitral valve E peak (cm/s)
Overall	73	8.6 (21.06)	<0.001	76	8.9 (17.28)	<0.001
CTD-PAH	26	6.1 (31.04)	0.33	30	14.3 (19.81)	<0.001
Non CTD-PAH	47	10 (12.85)	<0.001	46	5.5 (14.61)	0.01
Mitral valve A peak (cm/s)
Overall	73	1.4 (18.21)	0.51	76	3.1 (15.26)	0.08
CTD-PAH	26	–1.2 (21.11)	0.78	30	5 (16.13)	0.1
Non CTD-PAH	47	2.9 (16.45)	0.24	46	1.9 (14.72)	0.39
Tissue Doppler-derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (S’) (cm/s)
Overall	66	0 (1.75)	1	69	0.1 (2)	0.81
CTD-PAH	23	–0.5 (1.56)	0.16	31	–0.2 (1.75)	0.61
Non CTD-PAH	43	0.3 (1.8)	0.36	38	0.2 (2.19)	0.51
Tissue Doppler-derived early diastolic mitral annular velocity (Em) (cm/s)
Overall	66	0.8 (3.21)	0.06	69	1 (2.99)	0.005
CTD-PAH	23	0.2 (2.86)	0.72	31	1.2 (2.81)	0.02
Non CTD-PAH	43	1.1 (3.38)	0.04	38	0.9 (3.15)	0.09
Tissue Doppler-derived late diastolic mitral annular velocity (Am) (cm/s)
Overall	64	0.3 (2.71)	0.34	69	0.5 (2.96)	0.20
CTD-PAH	22	0 (2.67)	1	31	0.5 (1.98)	0.13
Non CTD-PAH	42	0.5 (2.75)	0.25	38	0.4 (3.6)	0.50

*p-value is from paired t-test between baseline and post-baseline values.

CTD, connective tissue disease; ITT, intention to treat; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; SD, standard deviation.