The active/passive conditions for copper corrosion under nuclear waste repository environment

Figures & data

Table 1. Predicted Canadian near-field pore water chemistry.

Temperature (°C)	pH	[Cl^−] (mol L^−1)	[${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$] (mol L^−1)	[${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}/{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}$] (mol L^−1)
<100	7.5–8.2	0.01–6.5	0.005–0.025	0.0002–0.001

Table 2. Composition of SKB-Cu.

wt-%			wppm
Cu	O	H	P	S	Fe	Ag	Ni	trace
Bal.	0.0003	0.0004	40–60	10	2	13	1	<5

Table 3. Electrolyte systems and concentrations tested.

System	[Cl^−] (mol L^−1)	[${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$] (mol L^−1)	[${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}/{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}$] (mol L^−1)
Unary	0.001–5.0	…	…
	…	0.001–0.1	…
Binary	0.001–5.0	0.01	…
	…	0.01	0.0001–0.01
	0.01	0.001–0.1	…
	0.01	…	0.0001–0.01
	0.1	…	0.0001–0.0005
Ternary	0.1	0.01	0.0001–0.0005

Figure 1. CVs of (a) active and (b) passive/pitting systems.

Figure 2. A/P maps of unary chloride system at (a) 25°C, (b) 40°C, (c) 60°C, (d) 80°C.

Figure 3. A/P boundaries derived from A/P maps for (a) chloride-only, (b) sulphate-only, (c) chloride with 0.01 M sulphate, (d) carbonate/bicarbonate with 0.01 M sulphate, (e) sulphate with 0.01 M chloride, (f) carbonate/bicarbonate with 0.01 M chloride, (g) carbonate/bicarbonate with 0.1 M chloride, and (h) carbonate/bicarbonate with 0.01 M sulphate and 0.1 M chloride systems.