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International Journal of Sustainable Energy Volume 42, 2023 - Issue 1
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Research Article

Comparison of molasses conversion to biomethanol by biohydrogen pathway with biogas route in engineering and cost assessment: Thailand case

Kuntima Krekkeitsakula Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, ThailandORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-9405View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Rujira Jitrwungb Expert Center of Innovative Clean Energy and Environment, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Pathum Thani, ThailandORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-2152-8332View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Teerasak Hudakorna Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, ThailandView further author information
,
Sophon Sirisatthac Biodiversity Research CentreThailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Pathum Thani, ThailandView further author information
&
Weerawat Patthaveekongkad Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, ThailandCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-4063View further author information
ORCID Icon
Pages 490-502 | Received 23 Sep 2022, Accepted 15 Apr 2023, Published online: 10 May 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. Pathway A: Molasses to biogas and biomethanol; Pathway B: Molasses to biohydrogen and biomethanol.

Figure 1. Pathway A: Molasses to biogas and biomethanol; Pathway B: Molasses to biohydrogen and biomethanol.

Figure 2. 10 L of bioreactor for biohydrogen synthesis from B.E. MARUBISHI (THAILAND) Co., Ltd.

Figure 2. 10 L of bioreactor for biohydrogen synthesis from B.E. MARUBISHI (THAILAND) Co., Ltd.

Figure 3. Two fixed-bed reactors for reforming (RF) methanol synthesis (MS) for biogas pathway, reverse water gas shift (RWGS), and methanol synthesis (MS) for biohydrogen pathway.

Figure 3. Two fixed-bed reactors for reforming (RF) methanol synthesis (MS) for biogas pathway, reverse water gas shift (RWGS), and methanol synthesis (MS) for biohydrogen pathway.

Figure 4. Process flow diagram of two options for Pathway A: Biogas (CH4/CO2) experiment containing RF and MS in a Fixed-Bed Reactor, Pathway B: Biohydrogen (H2/CO2) experiment containing RWGS and MS in a fixed-bed reactor.

Figure 4. Process flow diagram of two options for Pathway A: Biogas (CH4/CO2) experiment containing RF and MS in a Fixed-Bed Reactor, Pathway B: Biohydrogen (H2/CO2) experiment containing RWGS and MS in a fixed-bed reactor.

Figure 5. Block flow diagram of molasses to biomethanol by passing biogas direction.

Figure 5. Block flow diagram of molasses to biomethanol by passing biogas direction.

Figure 6. Block flow diagram of molasses to biomethanol by passing biohydrogen direction.

Figure 6. Block flow diagram of molasses to biomethanol by passing biohydrogen direction.

Table 1. Gas compositions by varying H2/CO2 feed ratios.

Table 2. Gas compositions and biomethanol produced by varying H2/CO2 feed ratios.

Table 3. Materials and energy balance of molasses to biomethanol by biogas and biohydrogen pathway.

Table 4. Price assumption (based on Thailand 35THB/USD) and catalyst duration.

Table 5. OPEX calculation for molasses to biomethanol by passing the biogas and biohydrogen routes.

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