A qualitative exploration of the views of people with lived experience of suicide within the criminal justice system

ABSTRACT

Background: Little evidence exists on how individuals in the criminal justice system (CJS) can discuss their experience of self-harm, suicidal ideation and behaviors. They are a valuable resource for suicide prevention in the CJS worldwide. Aims: To explore the views of those with lived experience on what the CJS can do to help support and improve services for those at risk of self-harm and suicide across the criminal justice pathway. Method: Five focus group discussions with 21 experts by experience were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The qualitative analysis identified three themes relevant to the process of assessment and prevention of suicide and self-harm risk: knowing my history, being treated as an individual and being able to express vulnerability. Limitations: The focus group design may have made the participants more reluctant to share experiences representing alternative perspectives or personally sensitive information. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest the CJS needs improved connections across teams to promote continuity of care and the quality of information flow to enable institutions to become more therapeutic. By developing the use of key individual relationships this will ensure that people are treated as individuals, with safe spaces to reveal vulnerabilities.

KEYWORDS:

• Suicide
• self-harm
• criminal justice system
• lived experience
• prison

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank all the participants who participated in the research. This paper contains quotes from the transcripts of interviews conducted during the research and contains language that may offend some readers.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Policy Research Programme (PRP) PR-R16-0516-21003]. The views expressed are those of the authors(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.