The Effects of Side-Taking on Narrative Entertainment and the Perceptions of Events and Characters

Figures & data

Figure 1. Visualization of the experimental design. Fixed story beats have a solid outline. Modular story beats have a dashed outline. The camp story beat contained the side-taking manipulation. We randomly assigned participants to a single arrow path, through which they progressed sequentially (i.e., moving left-to-right).

Figure 2a. Main effects of direction and timing.

From left to right, the first three bars of each panel represent the three side-taking direction conditions. The last three bars represent the three side-taking timing conditions.

Figure 2b. Main effects of direction and timing.

From left to right, the first three bars of each panel represent the three side-taking direction conditions. The last three bars represent the three side-taking timing conditions.

Table 1. Main effects summaries. Reported means are estimated marginal means.

Enjoyment
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	559	2	3.21	.04	0.01
	Time	559	2	0.77	.46	0.00
	Direction*Time	559	4	1.10	.36	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	4.45	0.12	4.22	4.68
	Direction	No side	4.28	0.12	4.05	4.51
		Side bad	4.03	0.12	3.80	4.26
		Early	4.20	0.12	3.97	4.43
	Timing	Middle	4.37	0.12	4.14	4.6
		Late	4.19	0.12	3.95	4.43
Appreciation
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	559	2	3.46	.03	0.01
	Time	559	2	1.72	.18	0.01
	Direction*Time	559	4	0.70	.60	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.35	0.10	5.15	5.55
	Direction	No side	4.98	0.10	4.77	5.18
		Side bad	5.22	0.10	5.02	5.43
		Early	5.03	0.10	4.83	5.23
	Timing	Middle	5.26	0.10	5.06	5.46
		Late	5.26	0.11	5.06	5.47
Narrative Complexity
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	559	2	1.55	.21	0.01
	Time	559	2	0.34	.71	0.00
	Direction*Time	559	4	0.94	.44	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.17	0.10	4.97	5.37
	Direction	No side	4.93	0.11	4.72	5.13
		Side bad	5.13	0.11	4.93	5.34
		Early	5.02	0.10	4.82	5.22
	Timing	Middle	5.14	0.10	4.94	5.34
		Late	5.07	0.11	4.86	5.28
Expectancy Violation
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	559	2	83.14	<.001	0.23
	Time	559	2	0.21	.81	0.00
	Direction*Time	559	4	1.95	.10	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.49	0.10	5.30	5.68
	Direction	No side	3.71	0.10	3.51	3.9
		Side bad	4.67	0.10	4.48	4.87
		Early	4.66	0.10	4.47	4.85
	Timing	Middle	4.57	0.10	4.38	4.76
		Late	4.64	0.10	4.44	4.84

Table 2. Main effects summaries. Reported means are estimated marginal means.

Actor’s Complexity
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	557	2	13.70	<.001	0.05
	Time	557	2	1.39	.25	0.01
	Direction*Time	557	4	2.21	.07	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.32	0.11	5.10	5.54
	Direction	No side	4.49	0.11	4.27	4.72
		Side bad	4.80	0.12	4.57	5.03
		Early	4.96	0.11	4.73	5.18
	Timing	Middle	4.72	0.11	4.50	4.94
		Late	4.94	0.12	4.71	5.17
Actor’s Competence
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	557	2	43.10	<.001	0.13
	Time	557	2	0.34	.71	0.00
	Direction*Time	557	4	0.53	.72	0.00
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.35	0.11	5.14	5.55
	Direction	No side	4.36	0.11	4.15	4.56
		Side bad	4.01	0.11	3.80	4.22
		Early	4.64	0.11	4.43	4.84
	Timing	Middle	4.52	0.10	4.31	4.72
		Late	4.56	0.11	4.35	4.77
Disposition Toward Actor
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	557	2	193.47	<.001	0.40
	Time	557	2	1.41	.25	0.00
	Direction*Time	557	4	1.18	.32	0.01
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.57	0.09	5.40	5.74
	Direction	No side	4.69	0.09	4.52	4.86
		Side bad	3.19	0.09	3.01	3.36
		Early	4.53	0.09	4.36	4.7
	Timing	Middle	4.55	0.09	4.39	4.72
		Late	4.36	0.09	4.19	4.54
Approbation
		n	df	F	p	η^2
	Direction	559	2	246.86	<.001	0.47
	Time	559	2	1.59	.21	0.00
	Direction*Time	559	4	0.49	.75	0.00
			M	SE	95% CI^LB	95% CIUB
		Side good	5.58	0.09	5.40	5.76
	Direction	No side	4.32	0.09	4.14	4.5
		Side bad	2.69	0.09	2.50	2.87
		Early	4.17	0.09	3.99	4.35
	Timing	Middle	4.32	0.09	4.15	4.5
		Late	4.10	0.09	3.91	4.28

Data availability

The data will be made available upon request by contacting the corresponding author