Genotypic variation in growth and lead accumulation among Brassica juncea accessions

Abstract

Selecting (inter-varietal) Brassica juncea for tolerance to metal-contamination has been proposed as a strategy to develop superior genotypes for phytoextraction of lead (Pb) through selection and breeding techniques. To understand the differences among accessions of a single species to Pb accumulation, a pot experiment was conducted with three B. juncea accessions under levels of Pb added to the soil (0, 90, 180, and 540 mg kg⁻¹). The duration of the growth period was 100 d. Pb concentration levels did not affect the flowering of B. juncea accessions. Plant height, shoot dry matter, and root dry matter were reduced linearly when soil Pb concentration increased to 540 mg kg⁻¹. A significant interaction between Pb concentration levels and accessions was observed for Pb concentration in shoots and roots, indicating genotypic variation in Pb absorption. The concentration of Pb in shoots in accession PI 180266 was 51% higher compared to accessions PI 649105 and PI 432379 when soil Pb concentration increased to 540 mg kg⁻¹. It can be concluded that the B. juncea accessions differed significantly in Pb uptake, and the selection of tolerant cultivars might be helpful for Pb phytoremediation of contaminated soils.

Keywords:

• Brassica juncea L
• genotype
• lead
• phytoextraction
• plant growth
• tolerance