Association of ACE I/D, -240A > T and AT1R A1166C polymorphisms with susceptibility to breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on 35 case-control studies

Abstract

The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the association of ACE I/D, −240 A > T and AT1R 1166 A > C polymorphisms with breast cancer (BC) risk. A comprehensive search on databases was conducted to identify all eligible case-control studies. Finally, 35 case-control studies, including 20 studies for ACE I/D, seven studies for ACE 240 A > T, and eight studies for AT1R 1166 A > C were included. The pooled analysis showed a significant association between ACE I/D polymorphism and BC risk under three genetic models, i.e., heterozygote (ID vs. DD: OR = 0.707, 95% CI 0.528-0.946, p = 0.020), homozygote (II vs. DD: OR = 0.662, 95% CI 0.462-0.947, p = 0.024), and dominant (II + ID vs. DD: OR = 0.691, 95% CI 0.507-0.941, p = 0.019). A significant association was also observed in ACE I/D polymorphism with BC risk among Asians and Caucasians. However, ACE −240 A > T and AT1R 1166 A > C polymorphisms were not associated with BC. Stratified analyses by ethnicity showed a significant association of ACE −240 A > T and AT1R 1166 A > C polymorphisms with BC risk in Latinos populations, but not in Asians. This meta-analysis inconsistence with all previous meta-analyses suggests that the ACE I/D might be associated with BC in overall and by ethnicity. However, the ACE −240 A > T and AT1R 1166 A > C were associated with BC risk only among Latinos populations.

Keywords:

• Breast cancer
• ACE I/D
• AT1R
• polymorphism
• meta-analysis

Acknowledgement

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Professor Seyed Mehdi Kalantar for his motivation, knowledge and support during the course of this research.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Author contribution

S.A.D and F.A. are responsible as the guarantor of integrity of the entire study, study design and concepts, definition of intellectual content, literature research. H.N. and M.F. are responsible for the clinical studies, experimental studies, data acquisition, and manuscript preparation. S.A.D, M.K.Z and E.A. are responsible for the data analysis, statistical analysis, and manuscript review. H.N. and E.A. are responsible for the manuscript editing. All authors have read and agreed with the final version of this manuscript.