Improvement of BMD after Switching from Lopinavir/R Plus Two Nucleos(T)ide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors to Lopinavir/R Plus Lamivudine: OLE-LIP Substudy

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics

	DT (n = 23)	TT (n = 18)	Total (n = 41)
Age	37 (33–43)	47 (38–51)	42 (34–548.5)
Gender
Males	16 (69.6)	13 (72.2)	29 (70.7)
Females	7 (30.4)	5 (27.8)	12 (29.3)
Race
Caucasian	15 (65.2)	15 (83.3)	30 (73.2)
Hispanic	8 (34.8)	3 (16.7)	11 (26.8)
Smoking	14 (60.9)	12 (66.7)	26 (63.4)
BMI	22.5 (21–24.7)	23.3 (22–25.3)	23.3 (21.4–25)
HIV risk factor
Intravenous drug use	4 (17.4)	4 (22.2)	8 (19.5)
Men who have sex with men	9 (39.1)	7 (38.9)	16 (39)
Heterosexual	8 (34.8)	6 (33.3)	14 (34.1)
Other	2 (8.7)	1(5.6)	3 (7.3)
HIV infection, years	7 (3.4–13.1)	10.4 (7.3–16.2)	8.1 (5.5–13.4)
Time on current ART, years	2 (0.8–3)	2.7 (1.4–3.8)	2.5 (1–3.6)
HIV infection, positive	7 (30.4)	5 (27.8)	12 (29.3)
CD4 count; cells/µL	672 (358–788)	723 (629–927)	722 (560–868)
NRTI backbone
Tenofovir-DF + 3TC/FTC	13 (56.5)	13 (72.2)	26 (63.4)
Abacavir + 3TC	10 (43.5)	4 (22.2)	14 (34.1)
Didanosine + 3TC	0	1 (5.6)	1 (2.4)
Total BMD; g/cm^2	1.05 (0.85 to 1.15)	1.07 (0.99 to 1.26)	1.07 (0.95 to 1.15)
FN BMD; g/cm^2	0.77 (0.73 to 0.84)	0.79 (0.68 to 0.89)	0.78 (0.70 to 0.87)
TH BMD; g/cm^2	0.87 (0.82 to 0.95)	0.89 (0.81 to 0.96)	0.88 (0.82 to 0.95)
L1–L4 BMD; g/cm^2	0.93 (0.86 to 1.01)	0.94 (0.83 to 1.05)	0.93 (0.85 to 1.02)
Limb fat; g	7904 (5241 to 9739)	7782 (6146 to 9903)	7904 (5276 to 9632)
Trunk fat; g	6934 (5515 to 11830)	7866 (6206 to 11569)	7171 (5869 to 11457)
Total fat; g	16094 (11976 to 20359)	16789 (13485 to 23619)	16510 (12785 to 21605)
FMR	0.91 (0.79 to 1.15)	0.94 (0.82 to 1.01)	0.92 (0.80 to 1.07)
Limb/trunk ratio	0.98 (0.81 to 1.17)	0.89 (0.84 to 1.13)	0.95 (0.82 to 1.17)

Notes: Data are expressed as median (IQR) or n (%). 3TC: lamivudine; BMD: bone mineral density; DT = Dual-therapy with lopinavir/r + lamivudine; FMR, fat mass ratio; FN: femoral neck; FTC: emtricitabine; g: grams; L1–L4: lumbar spine; TH: total hip; TT = triple-therapy with lopinavir/r + lamivudine/emtricitabine + a nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

Figure 1 Mean percentage (95% CI) change from baseline in BMD in the overall population and according to the NRTIs backbone. (A) total BMD, (B) hip BMD, (C) lumbar spine BMD.

*P value for within-group comparison; † P value for dual-therapy vs. triple-therapy comparison; DT: dual-therapy; TT: triple-therapy.