Abstract
Indicators of social and economic risk moderate outcomes of couple-formats of relationship education (RE); yet, less is known about moderators of individual-oriented formats or risk associated with childhood adversity. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) influence well-being including relational, physical, and mental health. The current study examined the influence of ACE for changes in distress for participants (N = 223) who completed an individual-oriented RE intervention. Results demonstrate ACE as a significant moderator of change, where the ‘four or more’ ACE group reported the highest distress at baseline and benefited most. Implications for RE practice and research are discussed.
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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Naomi J. Wheeler
Naomi J. Wheeler and Lindsay A. Kozachuk, Department of Counseling and Special Education at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Sandy-Ann M. Griffith
Sandy-Ann M. Griffith, Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology at Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi.
Shaywanna Harris
Shaywanna Harris, Department of Counseling, Leadership, Adult Education and School Psychology at Texas State University.
Lindsay A. Kozachuk
Naomi J. Wheeler and Lindsay A. Kozachuk, Department of Counseling and Special Education at Virginia Commonwealth University.