https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-5557
Figures & data
Figure 1. Ferroptosis mainly involves amino acid metabolism, fat metabolism and mitochondrial metabolism. ACSL4, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; αKG, α-ketoglutarate; Cys, cysteine; Cys2, cystine; DHODH, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase; FPP, farnesyl pyrophosphate; G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; Glu, glutamate; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; GSH, glutathione; Gly, glycine; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A; IPP, isoprene pyrophosphate; LOX, lipoxygenase; LPCAT3, lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; Met, methionine; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; NOX, NADPH oxidase; OXPHO, oxidative phosphorylation; PLOO•, peroxyl radical; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; PUFA-PL, phospholipid containing polyunsaturated fatty acid chain; ROS, reactive oxygen species.
Figure 2. Endothelial ferroptosis involves different pathological processes, including eyes, blood vessels, brain, pancreas, skin, tumor and lung.
Figure 3. The molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis occur in endothelial cells (ECs) during atherosclerosis. It leads to the accumulation of iron and ROS, the reduction of GPX4 and GSH levels when ECs are subjected to harmful stimuli through various effector molecules, resulting in lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. ACSL4, Acyl – CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; ALOX, arachidonate lipoxygenase; Drp1, dynamin-related protein 1; DMT1, divalent metal transporter 1; FTH1, ferritin heavy chain 1; FTL, ferritin light chain; HSPA5, heat shock protein family A member 5;HSPB1, heat shock protein family B member 1; mtROS, mitochondrial ROS; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; Mfn2, mitofusin 2; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2; NCOA4, nuclear receptor coactivator protein 4; PDSS2, prenyl diphosphate synthase subunit 2;PGE2, prostaglandin E2; PTGS2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; PAKKA, protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha; SP1, specificity protein 1; STEAP3, six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3; SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; ULK1, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VDAC, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2.
Data availability Statement
All data generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article.