The impact of indirect benefits (reduced travel time, fuel use and emissions) in cost benefit analysis of road safety countermeasures

Figures & data

Table 1. Relationship between crash and casualty severity levels.

Crash	Casualties
	Fatalities	Serious injuries	Slight injuries
Fatal	1.08	–	–
Serious injury	–	1.14	–
Slight injury	–	–	1.35

Table 2. Relationship between casualty severity levels.

Casualties
Fatality	Serious injuries	Slight injuries
1	7	45

Table 3. AASHTOWare SafetyAnalyst crash unit costs (2015 dollars).

Crash severity	Comprehensive crash unit cost ($)
Fatal	5,722,300
Severe	302,900
Slight	110,700
PDO	10,100

Source: Harmon et al. (2018).

Table 4. Average delay, fuel and emission NHTSA factors for all road types.

Severity level	NHTSA Delay Factor (Hours per crash)	NHTSA Fuel Factor (Gallons per crash)	NHTSA Value of Emissions (Dollars per crash)
Fatal	1699.79	376	380.36
Serious Injury	130.16	81	80.87
Minor Injury	130.16	81	80.87
Property damage only	86.37	64	65.67

Source: Lawrence et al. (2018).

Harmon T, Bahar G, Gross F. 2018. Crash costs for highway safety analysis. Washington (DC): Federal Highway Administration. Office of Safety. FHWA-SA-17-071; [accessed 2019 Dec 05]. https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/docs/fhwasa17071.pdf.

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Lawrence M, Hachey A, Bahar G, Gross F. 2018. Highway safety benefit-cost analysis guide. Washington (DC): FHWA. FHWA-SA-18-001; [accessed 2019 Dec 02]. https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/docs/fhwasa18001.pdf.

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