Figures & data
Figure 1 COPD compared to other chronic diseases treated in primary care. Information taken from: *All About Diabetes. American Diabetes Association Web site: www.diabetes.org. (90% to 95% of Americans with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.) AHA. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2004 Update. Dallas, TX: AHA, 2003. Overweight and Obesity FAQs. CDC Web site: <www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/|obesity/|faq.htm#adults>.
![Figure 1 COPD compared to other chronic diseases treated in primary care. Information taken from: *All About Diabetes. American Diabetes Association Web site: www.diabetes.org. (90% to 95% of Americans with diabetes have type 2 diabetes.) AHA. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2004 Update. Dallas, TX: AHA, 2003. Overweight and Obesity FAQs. CDC Web site: <www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/|obesity/|faq.htm#adults>.](/cms/asset/feeaf426-ccb0-430d-98f7-3374ca60f945/icop_a_216881_uf0001_b.gif)
Figure 2 COPD competes for our attention and loses. *For COPD, physician office visits and hospital outpatient visits are combined. Information taken from Mannino DM. MMWR Surveill Summ 2002; 51(6):1–16. Fast Stats A to Z. National Center for Health Statistics. CDC Web site: www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/default.htm#A.
![Figure 2 COPD competes for our attention and loses. *For COPD, physician office visits and hospital outpatient visits are combined. Information taken from Mannino DM. MMWR Surveill Summ 2002; 51(6):1–16. Fast Stats A to Z. National Center for Health Statistics. CDC Web site: www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/default.htm#A.](/cms/asset/8166b788-81f1-48cc-9442-e09d7072934f/icop_a_216881_uf0002_b.gif)
Figure 3 Percent change in age-adjusted death rates, U.S., 1965–1998. Information taken from NHLBI/NIH/DHHS.
![Figure 3 Percent change in age-adjusted death rates, U.S., 1965–1998. Information taken from NHLBI/NIH/DHHS.](/cms/asset/5744b733-2842-4246-a15f-98d32410019f/icop_a_216881_uf0003_b.gif)
Figure 4 COPD pathogenesis. Adapted with permission. Barnes PJ. Chest 2000; 117:10S–14S. © American College of Chest Physicians.
![Figure 4 COPD pathogenesis. Adapted with permission. Barnes PJ. Chest 2000; 117:10S–14S. © American College of Chest Physicians.](/cms/asset/ffabfb62-3de0-41f7-ac3d-01a0e1197883/icop_a_216881_uf0004_b.gif)
Figure 5 COPD: Pathology. Reproduced with permission. Barnes PJ. N Engl J Med 2000; 343:269–280. © 2000 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
![Figure 5 COPD: Pathology. Reproduced with permission. Barnes PJ. N Engl J Med 2000; 343:269–280. © 2000 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.](/cms/asset/4cce14d8-56c2-4daf-bb87-afe3305049e8/icop_a_216881_uf0005_b.gif)
Table 1 Causes of airflow limitation
Figure 6 The change in lung volumes during exercise in healthy lungs (A) and COPD (B). TLC, total lung capacity; IC, inspiratory capacity; EELV, end-expiratory lung volume; EILV, end-inspiratory lung volume.
![Figure 6 The change in lung volumes during exercise in healthy lungs (A) and COPD (B). TLC, total lung capacity; IC, inspiratory capacity; EELV, end-expiratory lung volume; EILV, end-inspiratory lung volume.](/cms/asset/46cb7bc1-0c3d-45cb-bbf4-cc13f35c7cc4/icop_a_216881_uf0006_b.gif)
Table 2 COPD questionnaire
Table 3 Diagnosis–suggestive features
Table 4 Indicators for COPD diagnosis
Table 5 Differential diagnosis questionnaire
Table 6 Classifying COPD
Table 7 Pathological distinctions between asthma and COPD
Table 8 Structural and functional distinctions between asthma and COPD
Figure 9 Therapy additions with change in stage of disease. *Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2006).
![Figure 9 Therapy additions with change in stage of disease. *Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2006).](/cms/asset/9dbc03be-9ede-45a6-8387-c35192a1953b/icop_a_216881_uf0009_b.gif)
Table 9 GOLD goals of COPD management
Table 10 The five “A”s: Strategies for smoking cessation
Table 11 Goals of pulmonary rehabilitation
Table 12 Pharmacologic agents to aid in smoking cessation