Continuity of Care to Prevent Readmissions for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Figures & data

Table 1. Quality assessments of the included studies.

Study and year	Randomization	Assignment concealment	Similarity at baseline	Inclusion/exclusion criteria	Researchers/participants blinded	Blinding of assessors	Attrition rate reported	Participants lost to follow-up described	Intention-to-Treat analysis	Power analysis	Total
Wood-Baker et al. (63)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	7
Weinberger et al. (65)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	7
Martin et al. (64)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	5
McGeoch et al. (60)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	6
Wei et al. (61)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	8
Tommelein et al. (62)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	7
Kenealy et al. (43)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	9
Paré et al. (25)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	6
Pedone et al. (54)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	6
Pinnock et al. (55)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	7
Bentley et al. (44)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	6
de Toledo et al. (46)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	3
Dinesen et al. (56)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	8
Koff et al. (69)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	6
Khdour et al. (36)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	6
Fan et al. (58)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	8
Kruis et al. (57)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	9
Casas et al. (47)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	7
Rice et al. (59)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	4
Smith et al. (50)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	6
Hermiz et al. (30)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	6
Farrero et al. (51)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	3
Cotton et al. (48)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	6
Utens et al. (52)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	7
Skwarska et al. (53)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	4
Bourbeau et al. (28)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	8
Cockcroft et al. (49)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	4
Lainscak et al. (45)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	5
Behnke et al. (68)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	3
Eaton et al. (67)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	9
Seymour et al. (66)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	5

Figure 1. Summary of evidence search and publication selection.

Table 2. Description of the included trails.

			Participants(n)
Source	Country	Setting	Intervention group	Control group	Smoking history (pack-years)	Mean age (years)	FEV^1 /FVC%, mean (SD)	Duration of follow-up (months)	Intervention
Wood-Baker et al. (63)	Australia	Single-center	67	72	>10	70	54(14)	12	Action plan
Weinberger et al. (65)	England USA	Multicenter	295	288	NR	63	NR	6	Action plan
Martin et al. (64)	New Zealand	Single-center	44	49	NR	70	35(2)^*	12	Action plan
McGeoch et al. (60)	New Zealand	Single-center	84	70	>10	71	51(11)	12	Health education
Wei et al. (61)	China	Single-center	42	45	NR	64	53(10)	12	Health education
Tommelein et al. (62)	Belgium	Single-center	371	363	≧10	68	NR	3	Health education
Kenealy et al. (43)	New Zealand	Multicenter	24	24	NR	67	NR	6	Telemonitoring
Paré et al. (25)	Canada	Multicenter	60	60	NR	68	NR	12	Telemonitoring
Pedone et al. (54)	Italy	Single-center	50	49	NR	74	69(9)	9	Telemonitoring
Pinnock et al. (55)	England	Single-center	128	128	NR	69	42(18)^*	12	Telemonitoring
Bentley et al. (44)	England	Single-center	23	25	NR	67	NR	6	Telemonitoring
de Toledo et al. (46)	Spain	Single-center	67	90	NR	71	NR	12	Telemonitoring
Dinesen et al. (56)	Denmark	Multicenter	57	48	NR	68	NR	10	Telemonitoring
Koff et al. (69)	USA	Single-center	19	19	NR	65	32(10)^*	3	Telemonitoring
Khdour et al. (36)	England	Single-center	71	72	NR	67	57(10)	12	CNI
Fan et al. (58)	USA	Multicenter	209	217	>10	66	47(12)	12	CNI
Kruis et al. (57)	Netherlands	Multicenter	554	532	NR	68	68(20)^*	12	CNI
Casas et al. (47)	Spain	Multicenter	65	90	NR	71	48(18)	12	CNI
Rice et al. (59)	USA	Multicenter	372	371	NR	70	37(14)^*	12	CNI
Smith et al. (50)	Australia	Single-center	48	48	NR	70	NR	12	Home visits
Hermiz et al. (30)	Australia	Multicenter	84	93	NR	67	NR	3	Home visits
Farrero et al. (51)	Spain	Single-center	60	62	NR	69	69(10)	12	Home visits
Cotton et al. (48)	England	Single-center	41	40	NR	67	46(2)	2	Home visits
Utens et al. (52)	New Zealand	Multicenter	70	69	≧10	68	48(2)^*	3	Home visits
Skwarska et al. (53)	England	Single-center	122	62	NR	69	NR	2	Home visits
Bourbeau et al. (28)	Canada	Multicenter	96	95	≧10	69	46	12	Home visits
Cockcroft et al. (49)	England	Single-center	42	33	NR	70	NR	12	Home visits
Lainscak et al. (45)	Slovenia	Single-center	118	135	NR	71	36(16)^*	6	Home visits
Behnke et al. (68)	Germany	Single-center	14	12	NR	67	36(7)	18	HBR
Eaton et al. (67)	New Zealand	Single-center	47	50	≧10	70	36(16)^*	3	HBR
Seymour et al. (66)	England	Single-center	30	30	NR	66	52(21)^*	3	HBR

NR, not reported; CNI, comprehensive nursing intervention: health education and self-management and action plan and home visits/follow-up telephone; HBR, home-based rehabilitation;

^*FEV¹ (%Predicted) (SD).

Figure 2. All-cause readmission for transitional care compared with usual care. Weights are from the random-effects analysis.

Figure 3. COPD readmission for transitional care compared with usual care. Weights are from the random-effects analysis.

Figure 4. All-cause mortality rate for transitional care compared with usual care. Weights are from the random-effects analysis.

Figure 5. Quality of life (QOL) scores with transitional care compared with usual care. Weights are from the random-effects analysis.

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