Pulmonary Rehabilitation does not Improve Objective Measures of Sleep Quality in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Figures & data

Table 1. Participant characteristics (mean (SD) unless stated).

Participant characteristic	Baseline	End rehab	p
n	48	–
Male: Female, n	21:27	–
Age, years	70 (10)	–
FEV1, %predicted	55 (20)	–
FER	47 (12)	–
Pack year history	45 (24)	–
Current smoker, n	7	–
LTOT, n	3	–
6MWD, m	410 (108)	437 (121)*	0.001
CAT score	21 (7)	18 (7)*	0.027
CRQ: Dyspnoea	13 (6)	18 (7)*	<0.001
Fatigue	15 (5)	16 (5)	0.005
Emotional function	31 (9)	35 (8)*	0.003
Mastery	18 (6)	22 (5)*	<0.001
mMRC 0/1/2/3/4, n	0/20/10/17/1	6/17/14/7/3

Notes: FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in one second; FER = forced expiratory ratio (FEV₁/forced vital capacity); LTOT = long term oxygen therapy; 6MWD = 6 minute walk distance; CAT = COPD Assessment Test; CRQ = Chronic Respiratory disease Questionnaire; mMRC = modified medical research council dyspnoea score.

*= difference from baseline ≥ minimum important difference.

p < 0.05 = significant.

Table 2. Sleep characteristics pre and post pulmonary rehabilitation (median [interquartile range]).

	Pre	Post	Change	ES	p*
Sleep onset latency, min	20 [8 to 39]	15 [6 to 28]	−2.2 [−15 to 5]	0.1	0.2
Wake after sleep onset, min	79 [47 to 117]	84 [39 to 125]	−3 [−21 to 16]	0.04	0.7
Total sleep time, min	391 [347 to 439]	399 [358 to 434]	8 [−13 to 44]	0.2	0.07
Sleep efficiency, %	75 [66 to 84]	77 [67 to 87]	1 [−3 to 6]	0.1	0.2
Awakenings, n	9 [6 to 12]	9 [6 to 14]	0 [−1 to 2]	0.08	0.4

Note: ES = effect size; *Via Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for paired measures. Mean (SD) nights of sleep monitoring pre and post pulmonary rehabilitation were 6(1) and 5(1), respectively.

Table 3. Change in sleep characteristics pre to post pulmonary rehabilitation in completers vs. non-completers (mean (SD)).

	Completers n = 41	Non-completers n = 7	p*
Sleep onset latency, min	−2 (31)	−3 (23)	0.9
Wake after sleep onset, min	−1 (35)	6 (51)	0.6
Total sleep time, min	16 (50)	−10 (81)	0.3
Sleep efficiency, %	2 (8)	−1 (6)	0.3
Awakenings, n	0 (3)	1 (4)	0.3

Note: between group difference via *Independent samples t-test.