Nanorod growth of copper phthalocyanine on fluorinated phosphonic acid SAM-modified indium tin oxide substrate for organic photovoltaic devices

ABSTRACT

CuPc nanorod growth was investigated on ITO substrates with and without 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-noctylphosphonic acid (FOPA) SAM modification, using vapor phase deposition, through the control of the temperature and surface energy of ITO substrates. At a substrate temperature of 200°C, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films that composed nanorods were prepared on both substrates. On FOPA-ITO, it was suggested that CuPc molecules were stacked with an edge-on orientation because of the dominant intermolecular π–π interaction through the decrease of surface energy of ITO with FOPA modification. Organic photovoltaic cells containing CuPc nanorods as a p-type semiconductor were fabricated and photovoltaic characteristics were observed.

KEYWORDS:

• Fluorinated phosphonic acid
• nanorod growth
• organic photovoltaic
• Phthalocyanine
• vacuum vapor deposition

Acknowledgment

Dr. Yoshiaki Sakurai (The Technology Research Institute of Osaka Prefecture (TRI-Osaka)) are acknowledged for the PYSA measurements.

Funding

This work was partially supported by JSPSKAKENHI under Grant Numbers 16K05003, 15K13817, 16K17513.