One Pot Facile Synthesis of Self-extinguishable Metal Based Flame Retardant for Cotton Fabric

ABSTRACT

An efficient metal-based flame-retardant was prepared for cotton fabric (CF) by a convenient pad-dry-cure method, which involves the consecutive deposition of intumescent containing different combination of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, pentaerythritol with Copper and Zinc metal ions. We studied different properties like thermal, mechanical, flammability, and laundering durability of treated CF samples. The intumescent-coated CF shows remarkable high-efficiency flame-retardant properties: (1) a self-extinguishing property (5 s) without lateral spreading of flame during the vertical flame test with a lower smoke release character; (2) the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of coated CF are improved with increasing add-on level. The Zn-based samples exhibited a high limiting oxygen index value of 36%. Consequently, the resultant fabrics were observed to show great flame retardancy with high thermal stability as 35% of char yield at 600°C. The durability of modified cotton was tested after five laundering cycles, which showed that the coating maintains 84% of its initial mass. It is reported that in addition to durable flame retardancy, the mechanical properties of cotton were also enhanced. The present work provides eco-friendly one pot facile synthesis of intumescent-based flame retardant for CF which may be used in numerous applications.

Abbreviations: ammonium polyphosphate; PER: pentaerythritol; MEL: melamine; LOI: limiting oxygen index; TGA: thermogravimetric analysis; DTG: derivative thermogravimetry; GSM: gram per square meter; FR: flame retardant; CP: plain cotton fabric; CT: twill cotton fabric; CF: cotton fabric; Int: intumescent; FTIR: Fourier Transformation Infrared; BEL: burn entire length; DNI: did not ignite; SE: self-extinguish; HGMs: hollow glass microspheres; CH/PA/Ba/PA: Chitosan/ Phytic Acid/Barium/Phytic Acid; DPPMA: diphenylphosphinic acid with melamine; PBS/30PA-GU: poly(butylene succinate/30 phytic acid-guanosine; PET: polyethyleneimine; Tri-HTAC: 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride; TA/B@PDA: tannic acid/Borax@polydopamine; P10H5: 5wt% HCCP(Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene). ammonium polyphosphate; PER: pentaerythritol; MEL: melamine; LOI: limiting oxygen index; TGA: thermogravimetric analysis; DTG: derivative thermogravimetry; GSM: gram per square meter; FR: flame retardant; CP: plain cotton fabric; CT: twill cotton fabric; CF: cotton fabric; Int: intumescent; FTIR: Fourier Transformation Infrared; BEL: burn entire length; DNI: did not ignite; SE: self-extinguish; HGMs: hollow glass microspheres; CH/PA/Ba/PA: Chitosan/ Phytic Acid/Barium/Phytic Acid; DPPMA: diphenylphosphinic acid with melamine; PBS/30PA-GU: poly(butylene succinate/30 phytic acid-guanosine; PET: polyethyleneimine; Tri-HTAC: 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride; TA/B@PDA: tannic acid/Borax@polydopamine; P10H5: 5wt% HCCP(Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene).

Graphical abstract

摘要

采用一种方便的垫干固化方法, 制备了一种用于棉织物 (CF) 的高效金属基阻燃剂, 该方法包括连续沉积含有不同组合的聚磷酸铵, 三聚氰胺, 五聚天冬氨酸与铜和锌金属离子的膨胀剂,我们研究了处理过的CF样品的不同性能, 如热性能, 机械性能, 易燃性和耐洗性. 膨胀型包覆碳纤维具有显著的高效阻燃性能: (1) 在垂直燃烧试验中, 其自熄性能 (5 s) 不发生火焰横向蔓延, 具有较低的烟释放特性; (2) 涂层碳纤维的极限氧指数 (LOI) 值随添加量的增加而提高. 锌基样品的极限氧指数高达36%. 因此, 观察到合成的织物具有很高的阻燃性和热稳定性, 在600°C下的焦炭产率为35%. 经过5次洗涤循环后, 对改性棉的耐久性进行了测试, 结果表明, 涂层保持了其初始质量的84%. 据报道, 除了持久的阻燃性外, 棉花的机械性能也得到了提高. 本工作提供了一种环保的一锅法合成膨胀型CF阻燃剂, 可用于多种应用.

KEYWORDS:

• Cotton fabric
• intumescent-based flame retardant
• ammonium polyphosphate
• melamine
• pentaerythritol
• metals

关键词:

• 棉织物
• 膨胀型阻燃剂
• 聚磷酸铵
• 三聚氰胺
• 戊四醇
• 金属

Highlights

• An efficient intumescent-based flame retardant was prepared for cotton fabric by a convenient pad-dry-cure method.

• We studied different properties like thermal, mechanical, flammability, and laundering durability of treated cotton fabric samples.

• The resultant fabrics were observed to show great flame retardancy with high thermal stability as 35% of char yield at 600°C.

• Remarkably, self-extinguishing property (5 s) without lateral spreading of flame was also observed.

• The prepared samples exhibited a high limiting oxygen index value of 36.0%.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).