Effect of Cotton/Polyester Blend Ratio, Loom Speed, and Air Pressure on Yarn Twist Loss and Yarn Strength Loss: The Case of Air-Jet Loom

Figures & data

Table 1. Yarn specification.

No.	Count (Ne)	P/C blend ratio (%)	Yarn twist (twist per meter)	Yarn strength (cN/tex)
1	20	0% P/100% C	800	10.5
2	20	25% P/75% C	800	11.45
3	20	50% P/50% C	800	12.48

Figure 1. Yarn sampling techniques.

Table 2. Actual levels of factors.

Factors	Low level	Medium level	High level
Speed (Rpm)	300	425	550
LSRNP (bar)	2.5	3.25	4
RSRNP (bar)	3	4.75	6.5
CP blend ratio (%)	100/0	75/25	50/50

Table 3. Experimental design.

Run No.	Factors
	Speed	LSRNP	RSRNP	PC blend ratio
	Rpm	Bar	Bar	%
1	300	3.25	6.5	25/75
2	550	2.5	4.75	25/75
3	425	2.5	4.75	50/50
4	425	3.25	6.5	50/50
5	425	3.25	4.75	25/75
6	425	3.25	4.75	25/75
7	425	2.5	3	25/75
8	550	3.25	3	25/75
9	550	3.25	4.75	0/100
10	300	2.5	4.75	25/75
11	550	4	4.75	25/75
12	425	4	4.75	50/50
13	300	4	4.75	25/75
14	550	3.25	6.5	25/75
15	425	2.5	4.75	0/100
16	425	4	6.5	25/75
17	425	3.25	3	0/100
18	300	3.25	4.75	50/50
19	300	3.25	4.75	0/100
20	425	4	4.75	0/100
21	425	3.25	3	50/50
22	425	2.5	6.5	25/75
23	300	3.25	3	25/75
24	425	3.25	4.75	25/75
25	425	3.25	6.5	0/100
26	550	3.25	4.75	50/50
27	425	4	3	25/75

Table 4. Experimental result.

Run	Factors				Responses
	Speed (Rpm)	left-side relay nozzle air pressure (Bar)	Right-side relay nozzle air pressure (Bar)	PC blend ratio (%)	Twist loss (turns/m)	Yarn strength loss (cN/tex)
1	300	3.25	6.5	25/75	101	1.64
2	550	2.5	4.75	25/75	49	0.24
3	425	2.5	4.75	50/50	78	1.47
4	425	3.25	6.5	50/50	104	1.72
5	425	3.25	4.75	25/75	58	0.71
6	425	3.25	4.75	25/75	63	0.65
7	425	2.5	3	25/75	53	0.36
8	550	3.25	3	25/75	55	0.47
9	550	3.25	4.75	0/100	56	0.04
10	300	2.5	4.75	25/75	68	1.06
11	550	4	4.75	25/75	57	0.5
12	425	4	4.75	50/50	87	1.51
13	300	4	4.75	25/75	82	1.2
14	550	3.25	6.5	25/75	73	0.92
15	425	2.5	4.75	0/100	44.5	0.21
16	425	4	6.5	25/75	94	1.27
17	425	3.25	3	0/100	45	0.12
18	300	3.25	4.75	50/50	94	1.66
19	300	3.25	4.75	0/100	57	0.71
20	425	4	4.75	0/100	52	0.47
21	425	3.25	3	50/50	68	1.42
22	425	2.5	6.5	25/75	77	0.98
23	300	3.25	3	25/75	66	0.97
24	425	3.25	4.75	25/75	61	0.59
25	425	3.25	6.5	0/100	65	0.85
26	550	3.25	4.75	50/50	71	1.17
27	425	4	3	25/75	52	0.58

Table 5. ANOVA for weft yarn twist loss.

Source	Sum Squares	Df	Mean Square	F-value	p-value
Model	7273.86	14	519.56	40.15	<0.0001	Significant
A	954.08	1	954.08	73.74	<0.0001
B	247.52	1	247.52	19.13	0.0009
C	2552.08	1	2552.08	197.24	<0.0001
D	2775.52	1	2775.52	214.50	<0.0001
AC	72.25	1	72.25	5.58	0.0359
AD	121.00	1	121.00	9.35	0.0099
BC	81.00	1	81.00	6.26	0.0278
CD	64.00	1	64.00	4.95	0.0461
A^2	113.06	1	113.06	8.74	0.0120
C^2	308.39	1	308.39	23.83	0.0004
Lack of Fit	142.60	10	14.26	2.25	0.3466	not significant

Table 6. Fit statistics of weft yarn twist loss, tensile and tear strength of fabric.

Factors	R^2	Adjusted R^2	Predicted R^2
Yarn twist lose	0.9791	0.9547	0.8856
Yarn tensile strength lose	0.9849	0.9673	0.9169

Figure 2. Actual vs predicted values of twist loss (a), yarn tensile strength loses(b).

Figure 3. Effect of loom speed (a), Left side relay nozzles pressure (b), Right side relay nozzles pressure (c) and cotton polyester bled ratio (d) on twist loss of the yarn.

Figure 4. Factor interaction effect on yarn twist loss with a 3D surface graph.

Table 7. ANOVA table for yarn strength loss.

Source	Sum Squares	Df	Mean Square	F-value	p-value
Model	6.40	14	0.4569	55.90	<0.0001	Significant
A	1.27	1	1.27	155.09	<0.0001
B	0.1220	1	0.1220	14.93	0.0023
C	0.9976	1	0.9976	122.07	<0.0001
D	3.58	1	3.58	437.45	<0.0001
CD	0.0462	1	0.0462	5.66	0.0349
A^2	0.0533	1	0.0533	6.53	0.0253
C^2	0.1925	1	0.1925	23.56	0.0004
D^2	0.2054	1	0.2054	25.13	0.0003
Lack of Fit	0.0909	10	0.0091	2.52	0.3170	not significant

Figure 5. Effect of loom speed (a), Left side relay nozzles pressure (b), Right side relay nozzles pressure (c) and cotton polyester bled ratio (d) on tensile strength loss of the weft yarn.

Figure 6. Factor interaction effect on yarn tensile strength loss with a 3D surface graph.