Impact of Cultivation Area on the Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties of Banana Pseudo-Stems Fibers in Cameroon

Figures & data

Figure 1. Banana pseudo-stems raw fibers extraction procedure.

Figure 2. Single fiber tensile test procedure.

Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of FBY and FBP fibers.

Fiber	Moisture %	Density (g/cm^3)	Tensile strength (MPa)	Elastic modulus (MPa)	Elongation at break (%)
FBP	10.6 ± 0.2	0.9 ± 0.02	730.6 ± 0.3	242.0 ± 0.2	2.2 ± 0.03
FBY	12.4 ± 0.3	1.03 ± 0.04	743.9 ± 0.1	260.0 ± 0.3	2.8 ± 0.02

Table 2. Chemical composition of FBP and FBY fibers.

Fiber	Extracts (%)	Pectin (%)	Lignin (%)	Cellulose (%)	Hemicellulose (%)	Ash (%)
FBP	14.8 ± 0.3	14.8 ± 0.8	10 ± 2	58.3 ± 0.7	12 ± 2	8.0 ± 0.4
FBY	14.6 ± 0.4	5.7 ± 0.3	10.1 ± 0.3	47 ± 3	16 ± 2	9.0 ± 0.4

Figure 3. (a) Water vapor adsorption and (b) liquid water absorption behaviors of FBP and FBY crude fibers.

Figure 4. SEM micrographs of the cross section and surface of the fibers (FBP).

Figure 5. Fourier transform infrared spectra of raw and NaOH processed fibers: (a) FBY, (b) FBP.

Table 3. Comparison of the chemo-mechanical characteristics of raw FBY and FBP fibers with other natural fibers.

Natural fibers	Physical properties		Chemical properties (mass %)						Mechanical properties		Reference
	Diameters (µm)	Density (kg/m^3)	Cellulose	Hemi-cellulose	Lignin	Wax	Moisture content	Ash rate	tensile strength (MPa)	Elongation at break (%)
Pseudo-stem banana fibers (FBY)	0.84–0.14	1021	47.07 ±2.6	15,52 ± 2,3	10.1 ± 0.3	-	12.43±0.3	9 ± 0,42	743.9	2.8	This study
Pseudo-stem banana fibers (FBP)	0.75–0.13	991	58.27 ±0.7	12.08 ± 1.8	9.80± 2.2	-	10.57±0.2	8.02 ±0,3	730	2.2
Pseudo-stem banana fibers	0.81–0.14	1020	/	/	/	/	11.8±0.15	/	816.6	2.83	Chengoué Mbouyap et al. (2020)
Aerial roots of Banyan tree fibers (Raw)	0.09–0.14	1234	67.32	13.46	15.62	0.81	10.21	3.96	19.37±7.72	1.8±0.4	Ganapathy et al. (2019)
Aerial roots of Banyan tree fibers treated 5% NaOH	0.08–0.12	1269	70.4	10.74	12.7	0.69	9.91	5.86	20.45±12.2	1.6±0.5
Salago fibers (genus Wikstroemia spp.)	0.00623	1023	79.05	13.6	10.13	-	50.21	60.93	1187	2.48	Pouriman et al. 2017
Red banana peduncle fibers	150–250	990	72.90	11.01	15.99	0.32	9.36	2.79	440±13.4	1.57±0.04	Manimaran et al. (2018)
Prosopis juliflora bark fibers	20	580	61.65	16.14	17.11	0.61	9.48	5.2	558±13.4	1.77±0.04	Saravanakumar et al. (2013)
Areca Palm Leaf Stalk Fibers	285–330	1090±24	57.49±0.66	18.34±0.24	7.26±0.12	0.71±0.024	9.35±0.15	1.43±0.019	364.66±21.46	3.47±1.15	Shanmugasundaram, Rajendran, and Ramkumar (2018)

Figure 6. ATG-DTG curves of raw fibers: (a) FBP, (b) FBY.

Chengoué Mbouyap, A., T. Tchotang, C. Bopda Fokam, and B. Kenmeugne. 2020. Influence of extractions techniques on the physico-mechanical properties of banana pseudo-stem fibers. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science 11 (7):1121–28.

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