The Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose on the Physical, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Composites Based on Cantala Fiber and Recycled High-Density Polyethylene

Figures & data

Figure 1. SEM image of MCC.

Figure 2. SEM micrograph of composite tensile fracture surface with MCC: (a) 0% wt; (b)1%wt; (c) 2%wt; (d) 3%wt; (e) 4%wt.

Figure 3. FTIR spectrum of cantala/rHDPE composite with MCC: (a) 0% wt, (b) 1% wt, (c) 2% wt, (d) 3% wt, (e) 4% wt.

Table 1. Peak FTIR spectrum of the cantala/rHDPE/MCC composite.

Wavenumber (cm^−1)					Functional Group
0% MCC	1% MCC	2% MCC	3% MCC	4% MCC
721.41	720.44	721.41	721.41	719.48	C-C Stretch
1056.07	1057.04	1058.00	1058.00	1058.00	C-O Stretch
1468.86	1467.89	1468.86	1468.86	1468.86	C-H Bend
1636.67	1604.84	1637.64	1640.53	1621.24	C=C Stretch
1740.83	1738.90	1737.94	1737.94	1665.60	C=O Stretch
2849.95	2849.95	2849.95	2849.95	2849.95	C-H Stretch
2919.39	2919.39	2919.39	2919.39	2920.35	C-H Stretch
3374.61	3386.18	3398.72	3421.87	3427.65	O-H Stretch

Figure 4. XRD patterns of rHDPE and MCC.

Figure 5. XRD patterns of the cantala/rHDPE composite with variations in the MCC weight fraction.

Table 2. The crystallinity of cantala fiber/rHDPE composites with variations in MCC weight fraction.

Composites	Peak Position (2θ)		Crystallinity Index (%)
	(110)	(200)
rHDPE/cantala/0%MCC	21.66	24.12	48.02
rHDPE/cantala/1%MCC	21.70	23.96	49.09
rHDPE/cantala/2%MCC	21.78	24.20	49.87
rHDPE/cantala/3%MCC	21.72	24.24	50.90
rHDPE/cantala/4%MCC	21.68	24.12	51.45

Figure 6. Curves for the thermal decomposition of cantala fiber/rHDPE composite with variations of MCC: (a). TGA; (b). DTG.

Table 3. Thermogravimetric of cantala fiber/rHDPE composites with MCC variations.

Composites	Peak Temperature (^oC)/%wt loss
	Stage 1	Stage 2
rHDPE/cantala/0%MCC	345.8/6.5	482.9/62.2
rHDPE/cantala/1%MCC	348.4/7.1	475.0/68.4
rHDPE/cantala/2%MCC	353.9/6.4	474.3/67.6
rHDPE/cantala/3%MCC	354.1/8.7	483.5/66.9
rHDPE/cantala/4%MCC	356.7/10	483.6/69.3

Figure 7. Composite density with the addition of MCC.

Figure 8. Tensile strength of composite with and without MCC.

Figure 9. Tensile modulus of composite with and without MCC.

Figure 10. Composite bending strength with and without MCC.

Figure 11. Bending modulus of cantala/rHDPE/MCC fiber composites.

Figure 12. Impact strength of composite with and without MCC.