New Natural Blue Dye from Water Jasmine (Wrightia Religiosa Benth.) for Silk

Figures & data

Figure 1. Water Jasmine (Wrightia religiosa Benth.).

Figure 2. Reaction of indigo dyeing.

Figure 3. The bar charts of L*, a*, b*, C*, h*, and K/S values were compared among AL1, AL2, and AL3 as shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f), respectively.

Table 1. The color values of K/S and CIELAB (L*, a*, b*, C*, h*) of the dyed silk with Water Jasmine using different alkaline before laundering.

Alkaline	Repeat	Color		CIELAB (D65)
			K/S	L*	a*	b*	C*	h*
Red lime (AL1)	1		2.25	55.18	−2.18	−5.63	6.04	248.84
	2		1.53	48.27	−5.33	−12.33	13.43	246.64
	3		1.45	47.93	−4.89	−10.51	11.59	245.02
	$\bar{X}$		1.74	50.46	−4.13	−9.49	10.35	246.83
	S.D.		±0.44	±4.09	±1.71	±3.46	±3.85	±1.92
Lime (AL2)	1		0.90	78.68	0.21	1.72	1.74	83.03
	2		0.40	75.19	0.07	0.25	1.26	106.71
	3		0.48	77.35	0.19	5.17	2.17	87.87
	$\bar{X}$		0.59	77.07	0.16	2.38	1.72	92.54
	S.D.		±0.27	±1.76	±0.08	±2.53	±0.46	±12.51
Sodium carbonate (AL3)	1		1.28	49.66	5.87	2.08	5.26	292.80
	2		1.30	64.18	5.18	3.40	6.20	290.50
	3		2.65	64.59	6.13	3.65	7.14	293.20
	$\bar{X}$		1.74	59.48	5.73	3.04	6.20	292.17
	S.D.		±0.79	±8.50	±0.49	±0.84	±0.94	±1.46

Figure 4. The bar chart of DL*, Da*, Db*, DC*, DH*, and DE* values were compared among AL1, AL2, and AL3 as shown in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (f), respectively.

Table 2. Color differences after laundering test of the dyed silk with Water Jasmine using different alkalines.

Alkaline	Repeat	Color	DL*	Da*	Db*	DC*	DH*	DE*
Red lime (AL1)	1		−16.40	−3.25	2.41	−1.44	−3.78	8.36
	2		−12.82	−2.10	1.16	−0.79	−2.26	5.97
	3		−12.31	−0.68	0.94	−0.89	−0.75	5.05
	$\bar{X}$		−13.84	−2.01	1.50	−1.04	−2.26	6.46
	S.D.		±2.23	±1.29	±0.79	±0.35	±1.52	±1.71
Lime (AL2)	1		4.96	0.10	12.50	−3.65	−11.96	16.54
	2		11.18	0.59	9.30	−6.80	6.38	11.45
	3		8.27	0.35	8.08	−7.95	1.49	8.16
	$\bar{X}$		8.14	0.35	9.96	−6.13	−1.36	12.05
	S.D.		±3.11	±0.25	±2.28	±2.23	±9.50	±4.22
Sodium carbonate (AL3)	1		−7.82	3.13	14.18	−1.32	14.46	14.46
	2		−2.44	6.50	11.95	−0.70	13.58	18.32
	3		−3.75	5.07	10.60	−2.61	11.45	15.66
	$\bar{X}$		−4.67	4.90	12.24	−1.54	13.16	16.15
	S.D.		±2.81	±1.69	±1.81	±0.97	±1.55	±1.98

Table 3. The total color differences of the dyed silk with Water Jasmine using different alkalines after laundering test compared with grayscale.

Alkaline	DE*	Color durability	Quality
Red lime	6.46	2	Fair
Lime	12.05	1	Poor
Sodium carbonate	16.15	1	Poor

Table

Author list	First name(s)	Family name	Email address	Contribution of authors
1^st author	Peerapat	Jaingamdee^a	[e-mail]	Conducting experiment, data collection, data analysis, and result interpretation Reviewing and evaluating the result Writing the article
2^nd author	Sarunya	Puakpong^b*	[e-mail]	Initiating research idea and objective Designing experiment, testing procedure, measurement tool, data collection method, and all criteria used Data collection, data analysis, and result interpretation Data verification Reviewing and evaluating the result Writing and revising the article
3^rd author	Wallop	Arirop^c	[e-mail]	Designing experiment, testing procedure, measurement tool, data collection method, and all criteria used Reviewing and evaluating the result