Global Estimates of the Burden of Injury and Illness at Work in 2012

Figures & data

Table 1 Examples of Attributable Fractions

	Attributable fraction
	Nurminen and Karjalainen^(^)		Rushton et al.^(^)		Steenland et al.^(^)		Driscoll et al.^(^)A		Morrel et al.^21,B		Leigh et al.^(22)C
Causes	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women	Men	Women
Communicable diseases	4.8	32.5
Tuberculosis	0.6	75			5–6
Malignant neoplasms	13.8	2.2	8.0	1.5	3.3–7.3	0.8–1.0					6–10
Bladder	14.2	0.7	11.6	2.0	7–19	3–19			10	5
Kidney	4.7	0.8			0–2.3				1	0.5
Larynx	9.3	0.5			1.0–20.0				2	1
Leukemia	18.5	2.5	2.7	0.8	0.8–2.8		2 (b)	2 (b)	10	5
Liver	3.5	5.3			0.4–1.1				4	1
Lung	29.0	5.3	21.6	5.5	8.0–19.2	2	10 (b)	5 (b)	15	5
Mesothelioma	90.0	25.0	98.0	90.0	85–90	23–90
Non-melanoma skin cancer	13.1	3.8	11.8	3.0	1.2–6.0				10	2
Sinonasal	24.0	6.7	64.3	18.4	33.0–46.0	30.0–42.0			25	5
Respiratory diseases	6.8	1.1									10^c
Asthma	17.8	18.4			11–12		21 (c)	13 (c)	2.0	2.0
COPD	14.0	3.8			5–24		18 (c)	6 (c)
Pneumoconioses	100	100			100	100			100	100	100
Circulatory diseases	14.4	6.7			6.3				1.0	1.0	5–10
Neuropsychiatric conditions	6.6	1.8							1.0	1.0	1–3
Digestive diseases	2.3	1.5
Genitourinary system	3.0	0.4							1.0	1.0	1–3

Note: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.^AAttributable fractions have been taken from two papers of Driscoll et al.^BCovers only deaths due to occupational exposure to hazardous substances^CPneumoconiosis is not included in the figure of Leigh at al.

Figure 1 Cost items borne by employers, workers, and the community

Figure 2 Work-related annual deaths - World (Sources: Hämäläinen P, Takala J, Saarela KL; TUT, ILO, EU-OSHA, 2008).

Figure 3 Work-related annual deaths - EU and the pattern in other industrialized countries (Sources: Hämäläinen P, Takala J, Saarela KL; TUT, ILO, EU-OSHA).

Figure 4 Inverse correlation of competitiveness and occupational safety (Source: WSH Institute and World Economic Forum Lausanne, Switzerland, 2012–2013 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012–13.pdf.

Table 2 Work- related Injuries and Diseases in the World

	Economically		Four or	Fatal	Four or more days	Fatal work-	Total work-
	Active	Fatal	more days	Injuries ILO	absence: ILO	related	related
Region	Population	(Reported)	absence	estimates	mid-point estimate	diseases	mortality
High-Income Areas	494,365,003	11,850	4,959,039	14,090	14,665,130	306,988	321,077
African Region	251,588,449	759	46,616	44,699	46,561,176	336,144	380,843
American Region	315,509,490	1,944	657,580	25,534	8,866,101	113,023	138,557
Eastern Mediterranean	152,610,995	0	0	17,912	18,657,924	117,164	135,076
European Region	213,740,690	6,777	325,004	16,191	18,093,167	198,366	214,557
Southeast Asia	642,390,831	81	1,676	83,096	86,558,781	523,355	606,451
Western Pacific	921,078,060	193	43,756	119,058	124,019,195	427,530	546,588
Total	2,991,283,518	21,604	6,033,671	320,580	317,421,473	2,022,570	2,343,149

Notes: WHO Regions in the Region column are listed at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/definition_regions/en/ ; High-income Areas: see Table III.

Table 3 Work-related Injuries and Diseases in High-iiincome Countries. (EU27 countries are included in the list and total for EU27 is given separately.)

	Economically		Four or	Fatal	Four or more days	Fatal work-	Total work-
	Active	Fatal	more days	Injuries ILO	absence: ILO	related	related
Region	Population	(Reported)	absence	estimates	mid-point estimate	diseases	mortality
Andorra	42,220			1	942	26	27
Australia	11,211,400	207	98,980	213	222,094	6,962	7,175
Austria	4,252,300	115	74,142	118	123,385	2,641	2,759
Bahamas	185,100			13	4,434	115	128
Bahrain	359,500	23	952	27	28,042	223	250
Belgium	4,779,600			109	113,324	2,968	3,077
Brunei	157,600			5	5,571	98	103
Canada	18,245,000	465	260,097	479	498,906	11,330	11,809
Cyprus	397,400	12	2,355	12	12,500	247	259
Denmark	2,925,800			67	69,519	1,817	1,884
Finland	2,726,000			41	42,708	1,693	1,734
France	27,982,000	569	703,976	586	610,417	17,376	17,962
Germany	41,874,000	765	1,063,150	765	796,875	26,003	26,768
Greece	4,939,700			150	156,072	3,067	3,217
Greenland	27,600			1	829	17	18
Guernsey	31,470				0	20	20
Iceland	184,100			5	4,860	114	119
Ireland	2,224,000	57		59	61,458	1,381	1,440
Isle of Man	41,800	1	159	1	1,042	26	27
Israel	2,957,000	89	69,734	61	63,748	1,836	1,897
Italy	25,097,000	780	499,210	653	680,232	15,585	16,238
Japan	66,500,000	1,268	118,023	1,306	1,360,458	41,295	42,601
Jersey	53,560				0	33	33
Korea, Republic of	24,347,000	1,332		1,872	1,949,916	15,119	16,991
Kuwait	1,146,400			66	68,947	712	778
Liechtenstein	32,435			1	990	20	21
Luxembourg	218,100	10	10,617	10	10,417	135	145
Malta	171,400	3	4,023	3	3,125	106	109
Monaco	12,696				0	8	8
Netherlands	8,717,000	92		95	98,958	5,413	5,508
New Zealand	2,283,200	90	26,482	93	96,563	1,418	1,511
Norway	2,591,000	51	16,630	53	55,208	1,609	1,662
Portugal	5,624,700			170	177,050	3,493	3,663
Qatar	1,171,500			61	63,948	727	789
San Marino	22,708			1	602	14	15
Saudi Arabia	8,374,900			582	606,054	5,201	5,782
Singapore^A	1,928,400	67	11,005	69	71,885	1,197	1,266
Slovenia	1,033,000			27	28,196	641	669
Spain	22,848,200	530	802,778	546	568,750	14,188	14,734
Sweden	4,896,000	68	28,327	70	72,917	3,040	3,110
Switzerland	4,375,000	42	90,259	43	44,792	2,717	2,760
United Arab Emirates	1,923,214			130	135,557	1,194	1,324
United Kingdom	31,118,000			152	158,333	19,323	19,475
United States	154,287,000	5,214	1,078,140	5,370	5,594,188	95,808	101,179
Virgin Islands, U.S.	49,000			4	1,316	30	34
Total	494,365,003	11,850	4,959,039	14,090	14,665,130	306,988	321,077
EU27 included above	237,997,300	4,706	3,409,088	5,900	7,374,297	161,970	167,870

^ASingapore details are based on permanent workforce in 2008 (as for other countries); new updated data are available and were used for the economic cost calculations.

Figure 5 Imbalance between investments into safety and health and costs due to lack of safety and health in the European Union EU27 (Source: Prof. G. Ahonen, adaptation J. Takala).

Figure 6 Perceptions of people are different from reality (Sources: S. Hertlich, M. Hamilo, S. Kuvalehti [FI], WHO/ILO/J.Takala).

Nurminen, M., and A. Karjalainen: Epidemiologic estimate of the proportion of fatalities related to occupational factors in Finland. Scan. J. Work. Environ. Health 27(3):161–213 (2001).

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Rushton, L., S.J. Hutchings, L. Fortunato, et al.: Occupational cancer burden in Great Britain. Br. J. Can. 107:S3–S7 (2012).

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Steenland, K., C. Burnett, N. Lalich, E. Ward, and J. Hurrell: Dying for work: The magnitude of US mortality from selected causes of death associated with occupation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 43(5):461–482 (2003).

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Driscoll, T., J. Takala, K. Steenland, C. Corvalan, and M. Fingerhut: Review of estimates of the global burden of injury and illness due to occupational exposures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:491–502 (2005).

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