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Research Article

Positive Effects of Passive Voice Exposure on Children’s Passive Production During a Classroom Story-telling Training

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Figures & data

Table 1. Linguistics factors controlled for each story included in the training. Readability variables (Readability score and Readability grade) are based on the Dale–Chall Readability formula (Dale & Chall, Citation1948). Proposition-related variables (number of propositions and propositional idea density) were controlled with the computerized propositional idea density rater, CPIDR-3 (Brown et al., Citation2008)

Table 2. Descriptive statistics [N or mean (SD)] for participants in both priming conditions, for the two cohorts combined

Figure 1. Timeline of pre-training, training, and post-training, and what was involved in each phase

Figure 1. Timeline of pre-training, training, and post-training, and what was involved in each phase

Table 3. Generalized linear regression for number of passives produced in story 7, with Poisson error distribution and stepwise elimination

The story “The Sad Dragon” active version and passive version

Code scoring for passive sentences. Strict coding (SC) does not include as correct truncated passives and passives with morphological errors. The lenient coding (LC) considers truncated passives and morphological errors as correct