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The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society
Volume 15, 2019 - Issue 2-3: Lighting Research Methods
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Articles

The Language of Lighting: Applying Semiotics in the Evaluation of Lighting Design

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Pages 227-248 | Received 29 Jan 2018, Accepted 29 Aug 2018, Published online: 29 Jan 2019

Figures & data

Fig. 1. Dimensions of semiotics and lighting design.

Fig. 1. Dimensions of semiotics and lighting design.

Fig. 2. Semiotic design layers for architectural lighting: Space, texture, light, and luminaires. Rendering layers: Axel Groß. Image © ERCO.

Fig. 2. Semiotic design layers for architectural lighting: Space, texture, light, and luminaires. Rendering layers: Axel Groß. Image © ERCO.

Fig. 3. Behavioristic model according to Morris.

Fig. 3. Behavioristic model according to Morris.

Fig. 4. Dyadic model according to de Saussure.

Fig. 4. Dyadic model according to de Saussure.

Fig. 5. Glossematic model according to Eco.

Fig. 5. Glossematic model according to Eco.

Fig. 6. Triadic sign model according to Peirce.

Fig. 6. Triadic sign model according to Peirce.

Table 1. Semiotic matrix for architectural lighting based on Peirce’s classes of signs.

Fig. 7. Spatial diagram for three routes through the museum. Illustration of daylight openings in ground plan, section and perspectives for the Fondation d’Art Contemporain François Pinault, Paris (France). 2001. Architect: Tadao Ando. Image © a+u (Ando 2002).

Fig. 7. Spatial diagram for three routes through the museum. Illustration of daylight openings in ground plan, section and perspectives for the Fondation d’Art Contemporain François Pinault, Paris (France). 2001. Architect: Tadao Ando. Image © a+u (Ando 2002).

Fig. 8. Al Bahr Towers, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2012. Architecture: AHR. Image © Christian Richters.

Fig. 8. Al Bahr Towers, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2012. Architecture: AHR. Image © Christian Richters.

Fig. 9. Main Hall at Norwegian National Opera and Ballet with chandelier, Oslo, Norway, 2008. Architecture: Snøhetta. Photo by Helene Binet. Image © Helene Binet.

Fig. 9. Main Hall at Norwegian National Opera and Ballet with chandelier, Oslo, Norway, 2008. Architecture: Snøhetta. Photo by Helene Binet. Image © Helene Binet.

Fig. 10. Kingfisher Mall, Redditch, UK, 2016. Lighting Design: Elektra lighting. Image © Elektra lighting.

Fig. 10. Kingfisher Mall, Redditch, UK, 2016. Lighting Design: Elektra lighting. Image © Elektra lighting.

Fig.11. Olafur Eliasson: The Weather Project, 2003. Monofrequency light, foil, haze machine, mirror foil, scaffold. Installation view: Tate Modern, London, 2003. © Olafur Eliasson. Photo by Andrew Dunkley and Marcus Leith. Courtesy the artist; neugerriemschneider, Berlin; Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York.

Fig.11. Olafur Eliasson: The Weather Project, 2003. Monofrequency light, foil, haze machine, mirror foil, scaffold. Installation view: Tate Modern, London, 2003. © Olafur Eliasson. Photo by Andrew Dunkley and Marcus Leith. Courtesy the artist; neugerriemschneider, Berlin; Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York.

Fig.12. Jil Sander boutique, 52 Avenue Montaigne, Paris, France, 1993. Architecture: Gabellini Sheppard. Photo by Paul Warchol. Image © Paul Warchol.

Fig.12. Jil Sander boutique, 52 Avenue Montaigne, Paris, France, 1993. Architecture: Gabellini Sheppard. Photo by Paul Warchol. Image © Paul Warchol.

Fig. 13. The Rookery, Chicago, Illinois, 2011. Architecture: Daniel Burnham and John Wellborn Root, 1888. Lighting design: Office for Visual Interaction. Photo by Adam Daniels. Image © Adam Daniels Photography.

Fig. 13. The Rookery, Chicago, Illinois, 2011. Architecture: Daniel Burnham and John Wellborn Root, 1888. Lighting design: Office for Visual Interaction. Photo by Adam Daniels. Image © Adam Daniels Photography.

Fig.14. Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Headquarters, Hong Kong, in 1986. Architects: Foster + Partners. Lighting design: Claude and Danielle Engle Lighting. Photographer: Ian Lambot. Image © ERCO, www.erco.com.

Fig.14. Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Headquarters, Hong Kong, in 1986. Architects: Foster + Partners. Lighting design: Claude and Danielle Engle Lighting. Photographer: Ian Lambot. Image © ERCO, www.erco.com.

Fig. 15. Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Headquarters, Hong Kong, in 2015. Architects: Foster + Partners. Photographer: Simon McCartney. Image © illumination Physics.

Fig. 15. Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Headquarters, Hong Kong, in 2015. Architects: Foster + Partners. Photographer: Simon McCartney. Image © illumination Physics.

Fig. 16. #WeLiveHere2017 Community light project, Waterloo, Sydney, Australia, 2017, www.welivehere2017.com.au. Image by Jessica Hromas. © Jessica Hromas for #WeLiveHere2017.

Fig. 16. #WeLiveHere2017 Community light project, Waterloo, Sydney, Australia, 2017, www.welivehere2017.com.au. Image by Jessica Hromas. © Jessica Hromas for #WeLiveHere2017.