Efficacy of Organically Acceptable Materials for Control of Mummy Berry Disease on Lowbush Blueberries in Maine

Figures & data

TABLE 1 Materials Tested for Their Efficacy to Control Mummy Berry Blight and Their Respective Source, Preparation, Application Rates

Treatment	Commercial brand and company	Year tested	Preparation ^z	Treatment application rate
Compost teas	Fish and Farm Compost (Kinney, Knox, ME) Lobster Compost (Coast of Maine, Portland, ME)	2005; only Lobster Compost in 2006	2005 diluted 1:3 with water; 2006 undiluted and with 2.15% of Biolink (garlic and yucca based adjuvant)	100 L/hectare both years
Trichoderma harzianum	Plant Shield (Bioworks, Fairport, NY)	2005	2.91% Plant Shield wt/v in water at 10× concentration	Recommended: 50,942 L/ha Applied: 3,000 L/ ha
Bacillus pumilus	Sonata (AgraQuest, Davis, CA)	2005 and 2006	4.29% Sonata v/v, and in 2006 with 2.15% Biolink v/v in water	9.35 L/ha
Bacillus subtilis	Serenade (AgraQuest)	2006	4.29% Serenade v/v with 2.15% Biolink v/v in water	9.35 L/ha
Bacillus subtilis	SerenadeMax (AgraQuest)	2007, 2009, and 2010	1.8% SerenadeMax wt/v in water 4.8% SerenadeMax wt/v in water	2007 and 2009: 3.36 kg/ha 2010: 8.97 kg/ha
Streptomyces lydicus	Actinovate (Natural Industries Inc., Houston, TX)	2009	0.46% Actinovate wt/v in water	840 g/ha
Azadirachta indica (Neem)	Trilogy (Certis USA, Columbia, MD)	2006	4.29% Trilogy v/v in water	9.35 L/ha
Garlic and yucca based adjuvant	BioLink (Westbridge Ag Products, Vista, CA)	2006	2.15% Garlic and yucca based adjuvant v/v in water	4.68 L/ha
Citrus extract	Procidic (Greenspire Global, Waukee, IA)	2009 and 2010	0.8% Procidic v/v in water	1.5 L/ha
Reynoutria sachalinensis (Giant Knotweed)	Regalia, MBI-106020 (Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc., Davis, CA)	2010	2.5% Regalia v/v in water 0.6% MBI-106020 v/v in water	4.68 L/ha 1.17 L/ha
^zv/v = volume/volume, wt/v = weight/volume.

FIGURE 1 Incidence of mummy berry (MB) blight at Belfast and Township 19 (T19) fields in 2005. Disease incidence was the percent of diseased stems with blight symptoms. Treatments included Control = water-treatment, FAT = aerated compost tea of Fish and Farm compost, FNT = non-aerated compost tea of Fish and Farm, LAT = aerated compost tea of Lobster compost, LNT = non-aerated compost tea of Lobster compost, PS = Plant Shield (Trichoderma harzianum formulation), Sonata = Bacillus pumilus formulation. See Table 1 for application rates. Bars represent standard error of the means; none of the treatments were significantly different from the control or each other at P < 0.05.

FIGURE 2 Incidence of mummy berry blight in Deblois and Jonesboro fields in 2006. Disease incidence was the percent of diseased stems with blight symptoms. Treatments included Water control = water-treatment, Untreated control, Biolink = garlic-yucca-based adjuvant, Compost tea = aerated compost tea of Lobster compost, Serenade = Bacillus subtilis formulation, Sonata = Bacillus pumilus formulation, Trilogy = neem extract. See Table 1 for application rates. Bars represent standard error of the means; none of the treatments were significantly different from the control or each other at P < 0.05.

FIGURE 3 Incidence of mummy berry blight in Deblois and Belfast fields in 2009. Disease incidence was the percent of diseased stems with blight symptoms. Treatments included Control = untreated, Actinovate = Streptomyces lydicus formulation, Procidic = an extract from citrus, and Bumper = propiconazole. See Table 1 for application rates. Bars represent standard error of the means; treatments labeled with different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05.

FIGURE 4 Incidence of mummy berry blight in Deblois and Palermo fields in 2010. Disease incidence was the percent of diseased stems with blight symptoms. Treatments included Control = untreated, MBI-106020 and Regalia = extracts from giant knotweed, SerenadeMax = a B. subtilis formulation, Procidic = an extract from citrus, and Bumper = propiconazole. See Table 1 for application rates. Bars represent standard error of the means; treatments labeled with different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05.