Use of Naphthaleneacetic Acid and Vegetable Oil to Delay Bud Break in ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Bud Grapevine Cuttings Placed in a Forcing Solution

Figures & data

FIGURE 1 ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings placed in GA7 containers containing forcing solution (color figure available online).

FIGURE 2 ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings treated with oil showing no bud break (left) and some bud swelling (right) (color figure available online).

TABLE 1  Month, Cane Number, Bud Position on Cane, and Total Number of ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Buds That Showed Oil Phytotoxicity Damage in 2009

Month	Cane	Bud position	Total number of buds
January	14,15	1,4	2
February	7,15	2,4	2
March	8,14	4,1	2
April	1,10	4,3	2
Total			8

TABLE 2  Analysis of Variance Table for Number of Days to Show Stage Five Bud Break and Shoot Length (SL) after One Week of Bud Break of ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Bud Cuttings in the 2009 Forcing Solution Experiment for ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Bud Cuttings

Effect	DF	Days to show bud break	SL
Month	3	<0.0001	<0.0001
Position	4	0.075	0.48
Month*Position	12	0.01	0.05
Treatment	4	<0.0001	0.17
Month*Treatment	9	0.03	0.34
Position*Treatment	16	<0.0001	0.51
Month*Position*Treatment	36	0.0011	0.34

FIGURE 3 Transverse sections of buds of ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings treated with oil showing phytotoxity and primary bud damage (color figure available online).

FIGURE 4 Transverse section of buds of ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings treated with oil showing no phytotoxity and a live primary bud (color figure available online).

FIGURE 5 ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings at bud position five showing a delay in bud break by using NAA at 1000 ppm (color figure available online).

FIGURE 6 Number of days required by ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings to show bud break at bud position five treated with NAA at 1000 ppm and the control in 2009.

TABLE 3  Analysis of Variance Table for Number of Days to Reach Stage Five Bud Break and Shoot Length (SL) after One Week of Bud Break of ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Bud Cuttings in the 2010 Forcing Solution Experiment

Effect	DF	Days to show bud break	SL
Month	2	<0.0001	0.75
Position	4	0.01	0.41
Month*Position	8	0.21	0.84
Treatment	4	<0.0001	0.06
Month*Treatment	7	0.64	0.04
Position*Treatment	16	0.36	0.76
Month*Position*Treatment	27	0.01	0.45

TABLE 4  Month, Cane Number, Bud Position on Cane, and Total Number of ‘Edelweiss’ Single-Bud That Showed Oil Phytotoxicity Damage in 2010

Month	Cane	Bud position	Total number of buds
January	7,8,12	2,4,5	3
February	3,9	2,1	2
March	19	1	1
Total			6

FIGURE 7 A cross section of one of the ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings treated with oil showing normal xylem and phloem tissues (color figure available online).

FIGURE 11 Number of days required by single-bud cuttings to show bud break at bud position five treated with NAA at 1500 ppm and the control in 2010.

FIGURE 10 Number of days required by single-bud cuttings to show bud break at bud position five treated with NAA at 1000 ppm and the control in 2010.

FIGURE 9 ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings at bud position five showing a delay in bud break by using NAA at 1500 ppm compared to the non-treated control (color figure available online).

FIGURE 8 ‘Edelweiss’ single-bud cuttings showing no bud break at bud position five by using oil applications (far right) and the non-treated control at bud position one (far left) showing more advanced bud break stage than NAA at the three concentrations applied: 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm (color figure available online).