Overview and Constraints of the Coconut Supply Chain in the Philippines

Figures & data

Table 1. Primary coconut products and by-products in the Philippines

Primary processing	Value-adding products	By-products	Value-adding products
1. Nuts	1. Desiccated coconut	1. Coconut shell	1. Shell charcoal
	2. Coconut milk and powder		2. Activated carbon
	3. Coconut water
	4. Virgin coconut oil	2. Husks	1. Coco coir
	5. Food delicacies		2. Coir dust (mulch)
			3. Geotextiles
2. Copra and CNO
	1. Cochin oil	1. Copra meal	1. Animal feeds
	2. Biodiesel
	3. Oleo-chemicals
	4. Refined, bleached, deodorized (RBD) oil

Source: Javier (2015), Nayar (2017a, 2017b).

Table 2. Major Philippine exports and destination countries, 2016

Top exported commodity	Major country destination
Coconut	The Netherlands (40%) and the USA (40%)
Banana	Japan (36%) and China (26%)
Pineapple	The USA (36%)
Tuna	The USA (16%) and Japan (17%)

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (2018).

Table 3. Share of agriculture production, 2016 (value at constant 2000 price)

Agriculture subsector	Value (million pesos)	Share (%)
Total agriculture production	1,572,840.70	100.00	100.00
Crop subsector	882,616.60	56.12
Banana	147,704.50		9.39
Coconut	108,478.00		6.90
Maize	85,326.40		5.42
Rice (palay)	304,598.80		19.37
Sugarcane	44,517.50		2.83
Other crops	191,991.80		12.21
Livestock and poultry	461,290.00	29.33
Livestock	258,486.80		16.43
Poultry	202,803.20		12.89
Fisheries	228,934.10	14.55	14.55

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (2018).

Figure 1. Philippines’ total exports by product, 2008–2013 (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2018)

Table 4. Percentage distribution of production by region, the Philippines, 2016

Region	Coconut production (%)
Philippines (MT)	13,825,100
Luzon (%)		25.87
Cordillera Administrative Region		0.01
Ilocos Region		0.29
Cagayan Valley		0.56
Central Luzon		0.73
CALABARZON		10.98
MIMAROPA		5.49
Bicol region		7.82
Visayas (%)		11.90
Western Visayas		2.25
Central Visayas		1.89
Eastern Visayas		7.76
Negros Island Region		1.93
Mindanao (%)		60.30
Zamboanga Peninsual		11.07
Northern Mindanao		13.04
Davao Region		13.70
SOCCSKSARGEN		6.93
Caraga		5.61
ARMM		9.96

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (2018).

Table 5. Coconut production in the Philippines in 2001–2015

Year	Copra terms (in million metric tons)	Nut equivalent (billion)
2001	2.842	15.031
2002	2.315	12.133
2003	2.549	13.789
2004	2.377	12.458
2005	2.652	14.825
2006	2.554	14.958
2007	2.213	14.853
2008	2.387	15.320
2009	2.758	15.656
2010	3.030	15.540
2011	2.550	15.207
2012	2.510	15.238
2013	2.760	15.354
2014	2.192	14.696
2015	2.258	14.735

Source: United Coconut Associations of the Philippines, Inc. (UCAP, 2016).

Table 6. Annual coconut yield in 2003–2008

	Year
Location	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Per bearing tree/hills in kg.
Philippines	44.07	43.34	45.11	44.59	43.85	45.14
Yield per ha. (MT)
Philippines	4.44	4.41	4.57	4.48	4.42	4.53

Source: Bureau of Agriculture Statistics, Philippine Statistics Authority (2008).

Figure 2. Trends in coconut product exports in the Philippines, 1961–2017 (FAO, 2018)

Table 7. Philippine exports: volume and value by major country of destination, 2016

Commodity/country of destination	Volume	Value	% Share (value)
Volume and value (‘000 MT, FOB in million US$)
Coconut oil (crude and refined)	755.61	1,151.69	100.00
Netherlands	340.78	465.46	40.42
United States of America	279.59	462.71	40.18
Japan (excludes Okinawa)	34.67	52.29	4.54
Italy	24.20	32.77	2.85
Malaysia	18.07	26.58	2.31
Others	58.31	111.87	9.71

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority.

Figure 3. Marketing channels of coconut products in the Philippines (Clarete and Roumasset, 1983)

Figure 4. Marketing channels of copra and coconut oil in the Philippines

Source: Pabuayon et al. (2009).

Figure 5. Marketing channels of husked coconuts in the Philippines

Source: Pabuayon et al. (2009).

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