Phytochemical Screening And Biological Activities Of Tamr Dry Date Variety Cultivated In Upper Egypt

Figures & data

Table 1. Amino acids in Tamr compared with the highest reported amounts (HRA) and daily recommended intake amounts (DRIA) for 70 kg adult man

Amino acids	Amounts (mg/100 g)
	Tamr	HRA	DRIA
Aspartic acid	0.240	0.309	… … .
Serine	0.110	0.128	… … .
Glutamic acid	0.330	0.382	… … .
Glycine	0.080	0.268	… … .
Alanine	0.180	0.133	… … .
Tyrosine	0.050	0.156	… … .
Arginine	0.160	0.148	… … .
Proline	0.240	0.148	… … .
Phenylalanine	0.140	0.067	1.750
Valine	0.130	… … .	1.330
Methionine	0.010	0.062	1.050
Isoleucine	0.090	0.055	1.050
Leucine	0.190	0.242	2.380
Histidine	0.100	0.046	0.770
Lysine	0.190	0.154	2.170
Threonine	0.090	0.095	1.120

Table 2. Elements detected in Tamr compared with the HRA and safe daily intake amounts

Metal	Amounts (mg/100 g)
	Tamr	HRM	Safe intake
K	1566.7	1287.0	4700
Na	166.7	261.0	2300
Mg	14.9	150.0	450
Mn	0.30	0.4	11
Fe	3.60	1.5	45
Zn	0.15	0.6	40
Cu	0.80	0.8	10
Co	0.10	… … .	0.1

Table 3. The percentage of fatty acids in Tamr compared with the HRA

Fatty acids	Yield (%)
	Tamr	HRA
Decanoic acid	0.5	0.8
Dodecanoic acid	0.7	24.1
Tetradecanoic acid	0.8	14.4
Pentadecanoic acid	2.5	2.2
Hexadecanoic acid	1.5	15.0
Hexadec-9-enoic acid	1.5	… …
Heptadecanoic acid	4.5	… … .
Oleic acid	14.7	55.2
Linoleic acid	68.6	21.0
Stearic acid	4.5	27.0
Linolenic acid	0.2	27.0

Table 4. Antibacterial activity of extracts by illustrating the inhibition zone in mm and MIC in μg/mL

Extracts Bacterial strains	Inhibition zone in mm (MIC in μg/mL)
	CH3OH	CHCl3	AcOƐt	Chloramphenicol
Staphylococcus aureus (+ve)	0	8 (25.0)	8 (6.3)	12 (50.0)
Micrococcus luteus (+ve)	0	0	22 (100.0)	13 (25.0)
Bacillus cereus (+ve)	0	8 (25.0)	10 (6.3)	13 (50.0)
Escherichia coli (+ve)	0	8 (25.0)	9 (100.0)	12 (25.0)
Serratia marcescens (-ve)	0	10 (50.0)	11 (25.0)	10 (0.8)
Pesudomonas aeruginosa (-ve)	0	10 (25.0)	20 (100.0)	12 (6.3)

Table 5. Antifungal activity of extracts by illustrating the inhibition zone in mm and MIC in μg/mL

Extracts Fungal strains	Inhibition zone in mm (MIC in μg/mL)
	Ethyl acetate	Chloramphenicol
Candida albicans	8 (50.0)	12 (1.6)
Geotrichum candidum	14 (100.0)	12 (0.4)
Trichophyton rubrum	22 (100.0)	10 (0.1)
Fasarium oxysporum	14 (100.0)	15 (0.1)
Aspergillus flavus	13 (100.0)	24 (1.6)
Scopulariopsis brevicaulis	8 (50.0)	18 (0.1)

Figure 1. (A) Antioxidants of different extracts versus rutine and vitamin C as references. (B) Cytotoxicity of different extracts on HeLa and HEK293T cells