Calls to Poison Centers for hookah smoking exposures

Abstract

Over the past decade, smoking behaviors have changed in the US. Hookah or waterpipe smoking is increasing, especially among youth and young adults. Social media sites describe the “hookah high” or “buzz”, which may be related to nicotine, carbon monoxide, or other inhalants in hookah smoke. Most important is the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. Case reports include a high number of victims presenting with loss of consciousness from either syncope or seizures. Anaphylaxis and a very rare respiratory hypersensitivity reaction, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, have also been reported from hookah smoking in previously healthy young adults. This article provides background information on hookah smoking, describes hookah-induced acute injuries that could precipitate poison center calls, and offers suggestions for exposure characterization.

Keywords:

• Hookah
• waterpipe
• narghile
• carbon monoxide poisoning
• acute eosinophilic pneumonia
• shisha

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank FDA scientist, Mr. Ron Edwards, for the use of his hookah schematic diagram.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.