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Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships were inferred among several xylariaceous genera with Nodulisporium or nodulisporium-like anamorphs based on the analyses of β-tubulin and α-actin sequences. One hundred nine cultures and three specimens of 83 representatives of these four genera were included in the study. Biscogniauxia taxa formed a well supported clade that was basal to the other taxa, while taxa of Hypoxylon and Daldinia comprised a large monophyletic group that contained two subclades. The first subclade encompassed Hypoxylon sect. Annulata and is accepted here as the new genus Annulohypoxylon. The second subclade contained taxa of Hypoxylon sect. Hypoxylon and Daldinia. Hypoxylon is restricted to include only those taxa in sect. Hypoxylon. Thirty-three epithets are made in Annulohypoxylon. Hypoxylon cohaerens var. microsporum is raised to the species level and accepted as A. minutellum. Hypoxylon polyporoideum is recognized as distinct from H. crocopeplum. Hypoxylon placentiforme is accepted as Daldinia placentiformis.
This study was supported by National Science Council of R.O.C. Grant NSC 93-2311-B-001-040 to Y.-M.J. and by various National Science Foundation grants to J.D.R. We greatly appreciate Jacques Fournier, Rimont, France, for providing a number of culturable specimens and for his comments on this work. We are grateful to Marc Stadler, Bayer Health-Care AG, Wuppertal, Germany, for providing cultures of several Daldinia species. Gratitude is extended to Dr Hongyong Fu, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, who kindly assisted us in cloning and other molecular techniques. We are indebted to Yu-Fan Du, Mei-Jane Fang, Mei-Chun Ho and Mei-Fan Huang for their technical assistances in obtaining DNA sequences.