In situ desalination of a granitic column by the electrokinetic method

ABSTRACT

Desalination of rocks used in monuments is a common strategy to reduce the possibility of deterioration by soluble salt crystallization processes. In the last years, some laboratory studies have demonstrated that the application of electrokinetic techniques allow to achieve higher desalination effectiveness, overcoming most limitations of the traditional methods. However, to our knowledge no studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of this technique for in situ desalination of granite. The present study is aimed at filling this gap. The results of an in situ desalination intervention using electrokinetic methods, on a column highly contaminated with salts are presented. The desalination method was optimized to desalinate large in situ structures, trying to establish the necessary protocols (buffering system, irrigation system, setup, etc.) to obtain results as satisfactory as those obtained in laboratory. The results demonstrated the high effectiveness of this method in terms of total salt extraction and depth of salt extraction. The concentration of anions in the column was decreased by more than 80% after 55 days of treatment. No mineralogical and aesthetic damages on the stone were detected after the treatment, confirming the reliability of this method to be applied in situ on granitic rocks.

KEYWORDS:

• Cultural heritage
• desalination
• electrokinetic technique
• granite
• salts

Funding

This research was funded by the Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte, Spanish Government under Project CTM2010-19584. J. Feijoo work is supported by the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Spanish Government, through a FPU grant.

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by the Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte, Spanish Government under Project CTM2010-19584. J. Feijoo work is supported by the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Spanish Government, through a FPU grant.