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Epigenetics Volume 15, 2020 - Issue 6-7
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Research Paper

Epigenomics of being bullied: changes in DNA methylation following bullying exposure

Rosa H. Muldera Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands;b Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;c Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsView further author information
,
Esther Waltond MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;e Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UKView further author information
,
Alexander Neumannb Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;c Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;f Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Qc, CanadaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6653-3203View further author information
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Lotte C. Houtepend MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1442-8852View further author information
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Janine F. Felixc Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;g Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;h Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsView further author information
,
Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburgi Clinical Child & Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-0711View further author information
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Matthew Sudermand MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKView further author information
,
Henning Tiemeierb Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;j Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USAView further author information
,
Marinus H. van IJzendoornk Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;l School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1144-454XView further author information
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Caroline L. Reltond MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKView further author information
&
Charlotte A. M. Cecilb Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;h Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;m Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UKCorrespondence[email protected]
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Pages 750-764 | Received 30 Aug 2019, Accepted 03 Jan 2020, Published online: 28 Jan 2020

Figures & data

Table 1. Sample characteristics.

Table 2. Ten CpG sites with lowest p-values in meta-analysis of epigenome-wide associations with bullying exposure.

Figure 1. Change in DNA methylation pre- and post- bullying exposure measurement for exposed and non-exposed in Generation R and ALSPAC. Data are residualized for covariates present in linear mixed model.

Figure 1. Change in DNA methylation pre- and post- bullying exposure measurement for exposed and non-exposed in Generation R and ALSPAC. Data are residualized for covariates present in linear mixed model.

Table 3. Characteristics of CpG sites selected for various levels of significance in meta-analysis.

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