Physiological and proteomics responses of nitrogen assimilation and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism in mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves to NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress

Figures & data

Figure 1. TN content (a), SP content (b), NR activity (c) and NiR activity (d) of mulberry leaves under NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress. Note: The data are from three replicated experiments (n = 3), and represent means ± SE. Significant differences were expressed by different small letters (P < .05), and very significant differences were expressed by different capital letters (P < .01).

Figure 2. GOGAT activity (a) and GS activity (b) of mulberry leaves under NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress. Note: The data are from three replicated experiments (n = 3), and represent means ± SE. Significant differences were expressed by different small letters (P < .05), and very significant differences were expressed by different capital letters (P < .01).

Figure 3. Pro content (a), Put content (b), Spd content (c), Spm content (d),GSH content (e) and H₂O₂ content (f) of mulberry leaves under NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress. Note: The data are from three replicated experiments (n = 3), and represent means ± SE. Significant differences were expressed by different small letters (P < .05), and very significant differences were expressed by different capital letters (P < .01).

Table 1. Nitrogen assimilation and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism related enzymes expression of mulberry leaves under NaCl and NaHCO3 stress.

Note: The data are from three replicated experiments (n=3), and represent means ± SE. Significant differences were expressed by different small letters (P<0.05), and very significant differences were expressed by different capital letters (P<0.01).

Figure 4. Effects of NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress on gene expression of nitrogen assimilation (a) and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism (b) in leaves of mulberry seedlings. Note: * indicates significant difference with CK.

Figure 5. Schematic presentation of nitrogen assimilation and glutamine/glutamine family of amino acids metabolism of mulberry leaves under NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress.

TCA cycle: Tricarboxylic acid cycle; Glu:Glutamate; Gly:Glycine; GSH: Glutathione; Gln: Glutamine; GP: Glutamine phosphate; GSA: Glutamic-γ-semialdehyde; P5C:Pyrroline-5-carboxylate; Pro:Proline; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; NAG: N-acetylgluamate; NAGP: N-acetylgluamamy phosphate; NAGS: N-acetylgluamic-γ-semialdehyde; ACO: α-N-acetylornithine; Orn: Ornithine; Arg:Arginine; Put: Putrescine; Spd: Spermidine; Spm:Spermine; NRT:Nitrate transporter; NR:Nitrate reductase; NiR: Nitrite reductase; Fd-NiR:Ferredoxin-nitrite reductase; GGAT:Glutamate-glyoxylate aminotransferase; GCLM:Glutamate-Cysteine ligase; GS: Glutamine synthetase; Fd-GOGAT:Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase; GAD:Glutamate decarboxylase; GK:Glutamate kinase; GSADH: Glutamic-γ-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; P5CR:Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase; P5CS: Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase; NAGS: N-acetylglutamate synthase; NAGK: N-acetylglutamate kinase; NAGPR: N-acetyl-γ-glatumy phosphate reductase; ACOAT:Acetylornithine aminotransferase; ACODAC:Acetylornithine deacetylase; OTC:Ornithine carbamoyltransferase; OAT: Arnithine aminotransferase; ODC: Ornithine decarboxylase; ADC: Arginine decarboxylase; SPDS: Spermidine synthase; SPMS: Spermine synthase