How police investigators seek to secure that suspects speaking a second language understand their rights in investigative interviews

Figures & data

Table

Symbol	Description
(.)	A micropause – a pause of no significant length.
(0.7)	A timed pause – long enough to indicate a time, in seconds.
[]	Square brackets show where speech overlaps.
>word<	Arrows showing that the pace of speech has quickened.
word-	A dash indication a cut-off, typically a glottal stop in phonetic terms.
(word)	Unclear/uncertain word or section; no plausible candidate if empty.
underlining	Emphatic stress on syllable
↑word	Rise in pitch
↓word	Drop in pitch
. , ?	Markers of final pitch direction: Final falling intonation (.) Slight rising/continuing intonation (,) Sharp rising intonation (?)
=	Placed at the end of one turn and the start of the next, indicating that there was no pause between them (latching).
: ::	Colons indicate a stretched sound: the more colons, the longer the sound stretch.
.hhh	Inbreath. Duration indicated with fewer or more letters.
hhh	Outbreath. Duration indicated with fewer or more letters.
#	Hash sign indicates creaky voice.