Synthesis and characterization of amphoteric polyacrylamide by dispersion polymerization in aqueous salts solution

Figures & data

Figure 1 Micrographs of the dispersed particles.

Figure 2 Size distribution of different concentration of diluted solution.

Figure 3 Size distribution of different temperature.

Figure 4 The ¹H NMR spectrum of dispersion terpolymer.

Figure 5 DSC curves of P(AM-AMPS) and AmPAM.

Figure 6 TG curves of AmPAM, CPAM and APAM.

Figure 7 Conversion–time curve of dispersion polymerization.

Table 1. Effect of (NH₄)₂SO₄ concentration on dispersion polymerization.

(NH4)2SO4 ( wt%)	Intrinsic viscosity (dL/g^−1)	Dmean (μm)	Apparent viscosity (mPa.S)	Conversation of monomer (%)
23	12.5	4.2	432	96.5
24	15.8	3.5	397	95.5
25	13.2	2.9	321	97.2
26	11.1	4.3	567	96.4
27	10.8	5.7	1021	97.3

Table 2. Effect of stabilizer concentration on dispersion polymerization.

PDMC (%)	Intrinsic viscosity (dL/g^−1)	Dmean (μm)	Apparent viscosity (mPa.S)	Conversation of monomer (%)
1	9.7	7.8	324	97.8
2	12.5	5.1	422	97.2
3	15.2	4.9	456	98.3
4	10.3	4.7	516	96.2
5	8.9	3.4	591	96.3

Table 3. Effect of monomer concentration on dispersion polymerization.

Monomer (%)	Intrinsic viscosity (dL/g^−1)	Dmean (μm)
8	9.6	4.6
12	12.1	5.1
15	14.2	6.3
18	/	/

Table 4. Effect of initiator concentration on dispersion polymerization.

V-50 (%)(g/g10^−6)	Intrinsic viscosity (dL/g^−1)	Dmean (μm)
1500	13.1	4.1
1600	11.3	5.3
1800	10.7	5.8
2000	8.5	6.9

Figure 8 Effect of pH value on the reduced viscosity.

Figure 9 Effect of the concentration of sodium chloride on the reduced viscosity.

Figure 10 Effect of different type of salt on the reduced.