A visual tool for analysing teacher and student interactions in a design studio setting

Figures & data

Table 1. DG model.

Elements	Categories	Description
Elements of form	E1	Point, line and plane
		Vertices, edges, surfaces
	Form generators	Volume: positive and negative space
	E2	Texture, Colour, Value (light and dark),. Dimension (length, width and depth)
	Attributes of form	Shape (direction, angle, polygons)
Organisational principles	O1	Balance (symmetrical, asymmetrical)
	Composition and visual organisation
		Repetition; harmony; rhythm; contrast; variety
	O2	Centralised, linear, radial, clustered, grid
	Spatial organisation
	O3	Dominant, subdominant, subordinate. Rectilinear, curvilinear.
	Structure of visual relationships
Communication	C1	Syntactics, pragmatics, semantics.
	Sign
	C2	Source, message, channel, receiver.
	Communication process
Function	F1	The reason for which it is done. Object or end to be attained.
	Purpose
	F2	Ease of use, able or fit to be used.
	Usability
	F3	Enjoyment, pleasurable possession.
	Fruition
HUMAN factors	H1	Any specific constraint or special user requirement.
	User requirements
	H2	Anthropometric issues.
	Ergonomics
	H3	Overall costs (manufacturing and materials.)
	Economic factors
Materialisation	M1	Manufacturing technologies, tools and machinery.
	Materials and their characteristics
	M2	Dynamic; static. Structural loads, forces and equilibrium.
	Structure systems
	M3	Geometrical optimisation: precise dimensions, scale and volumes.
	Configuration geometry

Table 2. Example of an analysis table (Todd).

Video: First review Todd
Teacher/Student	Event / Time	Transcript	Notes	Coding
Teacher	8.	Now keep in mind you pull it off, it’s gonna – where’s it gonna go? Is it gonna go down pretty much, stand on it?		• Structure (M2)
Gary	07.40
Student	10.	Go down and then like it would be under your legs, basically. Um, it’s kinda a rough idea, but it’s kind of out there, you know?		• Structure (M2) • Ergonomics (H2) (under your legs)
Todd	07.43
				Articulated (overall structure choice affects ergonomics)

Figure 1. DG diagram.

Figure 2. Example of single event diagram.

Figure 3. Example of an overall diagram.

Figure 4. Example of a crossover diagram.

Figure 5. Example of timeline diagram.

Table 3. Summary of methodology.

Phase	Objectives	Methods	Outputs
Phase A	Identification of events	1. Observation of video recordings	• Preliminary analysis table.
		2. Reading the transcripts
Phase B	Categorisation of events	1. Categorisation of events according to DGM	• Final analysis table. • Statistical tables.
		2. General statistical analysis of results
Phase C	Analysis	1. Development of interaction diagrams	• Interaction diagrams. • Qualitative analysis of each interaction. • Answering the research questions. • Overall discussion and conclusions
		2. Visual analysis of data

Figure 6. Overall diagrams of Lynn and Gary’s interaction.

Figure 7. Crossover diagram of Lynn and Gary’s interaction.

Figure 8. Overall diagram of Todd and Gary’s interaction.

Figure 9. Overall diagram of Esther and Gary’s interaction.

Figure 10. Overall diagram of Sheryl and Gary’s interaction.

Figure 11. Timeline diagram of Sheryl and Gary.

Figure 12. Timeline diagram of Lynn and Gary.