Optimization of booster chlorination for water distribution system under dual uncertainties

ABSTRACT

Chlorine is generally used as disinfectant to sustain water quality in water distribution system (WDS). To prevent the occurrence of disinfectant by-product as well as control the growth of microorganism, the residual chlorine concentration in WDS should be kept between acceptable intervals. However, the chlorine concentration was uncertain due to chlorine decay, imprecise measure, hydraulic and topological conditions. In addition, nodal response coefficients to unit disinfectant mass in the left-hand-side of the constraints were also uncertain, which is affected by uncertain pipe diameter, roughness coefficients, nodal demand, bulk decay coefficient, and wall decay coefficient, etc. Therefore, in this paper a fuzzy chance-constrained optimization model under dual uncertainties was proposed and applied to optimize the chlorine injection mass to maintain chlorine in WDS distributed uniformly with consideration of randomness of chlorine concentration limits as well as uncertainty in response coefficient. The total injection mass decreases with the uncertainty level under possibility of dominance and necessity of dominance indices, while increases with the uncertainty level under possibility of strict dominance and necessity of strict dominance indices, which is effective in chlorine injection management.

KEYWORDS:

• Water distribution system (WDS)
• booster station
• optimization
• uncertainty

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors contributions

Yumin Wang: Method performing, Results calculation, Discussion analysis, Conclusion summarization, Writing

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As the paper article is not a prospective study involving human participants, Consent to Participate was not required for this research.

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The author confirms:

• That the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis);

• That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere;

Ethical approval

As the study involves not humans, human data or animals, Ethics approval was not required for this research.

Data availability statement

Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.

Additional information

Funding

This work was also funded by the Water Pollution Control Project in Taihu (Grant No. TH2018403). This work was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20191147).