‘Chances are you’re about to lose’: new independent Australian safer gambling messages tested in UK and USA bettor samples

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the sample.

Gambling mode^a	N (%)
Race/sports betting	1865 (100)
Virtual sports betting	808 (43.3)
Baccarat	206 (11)
Blackjack	1135 (60.9)
Bingo	892 (47.8)
Craps	263 (14.1)
Lottery	1146 (61.4)
Pachinko	149 (8)
Poker	1090 (58.4)
Video Poker	573 (30.7)
Slots	1111 (59.6)
Roulette	936 (50.2)

^a Participants could choose more than one answer.

Table 2. Gambling engagement of the sample.

Demographic category	N (%)
Jurisdiction
UK	1001 (53.7)
USA	864 (46.3)
Age: mean (SD)	39.4 (11.8)
Sex
Male	1389 (74.5)
Female	466 (25)
Prefer not to say	3 (0.2)
Not reported	7 (0.3)
Ethnicity
White	1546 (82.9)
Black	116 (6.2)
Asian	104 (5.6)
Mixed	64 (3.4)
Other	91 (1.4)
Not reported	9 (0.5)
Employment status
Full-time	1137 (61)
Part-time	208 (11.2)
Starting soon	12 (0.6)
Not in paid work	124 (6.6)
Unemployed/job seeking	79 (4.2)
Other	45 (2.4)
Not reported	260 (13.9)

Table 3. Safer gambling messages and their abbreviations.

Message	Abbreviation
Chances are you’re about to lose	About to lose
What’s gambling really costing you?	Real cost
You win some. You lose more	You lose more
Imagine what you could be buying instead	Buy instead
What are you prepared to lose today? Set a deposit limit	Prepared to lose
Think. Is this a bet you really want to place?	Really want to bet?
What are you really gambling with?	Gambling with
Take time to think	Take time to think
Gamble responsibly	Gamble responsibly

Figures 1–7. Mean (± 1 standard error) ratings of agreement by jurisdiction. Brackets indicate messages that are not significantly different to the highest rating in the bracket.

Table 4. Omnibus main effect and interaction F-values (with eta-squared values) for each statement.

Jurisdiction	UK	UK	UK	UK	USA	USA	USA	USA	Both
Effect	ME message	Interaction w/- age	Interaction w/- gender	Interaction w/- PGSI	ME message	Interaction w/- age	Interaction w/- gender	Interaction w/- PGSI	Interaction w/- jurisdiction
N	1001	1001	1001	1001	864	864	864	864	1865
Attention	248.33*** (0.20)	4.83*** (0.01)	4.14*** (<0.01)	1.23	153.98*** (0.15)	8.29*** (0.01)	0.58	5.38*** (0.01)	5.44*** (<0.01)
Believe	82.00*** (0.08)	1.36	1.43	1.57	58.78*** (0.06)	2.57	1.45	3.69*** (<0.01)	22.45*** (0.01)
Cut back	173.66*** (0.15)	0.69	3.50*** (<0.01)	1.35	166.77*** (0.16)	1.43	0.43	7.49*** (0.01)	0.70
Helpful	95.32*** (0.09)	2.78	4.53*** (0.01)	2.06	79.98*** (0.09)	3.94*** (0.01)	0.59	5.30*** (0.01)	6.64*** (<0.01)
Personal level	180.39*** (0.15)	9.96*** (0.01)	3.66*** (<0.01)	0.95	97.82*** (0.10)	7.02*** (0.01)	0.76	3.98*** (0.01)	8.00*** (<0.01)
Too far	94.73*** (0.09)	0.59	1.85	1.41	80.06*** (0.09)	1.77	1.28	1.89	1.31
Understand	147.84*** (0.13)	1.35	2.79	2.88	134.44*** (0.14)	0.35	1.00	4.84*** (0.01)	5.59*** (<0.01)

ME: main effect. Values are Greenhouse-Geisser corrected F-values, with all values eight degree of freedom effects.

*** p < .001. Alpha of 0.001 used throughout.