Testing of developed Food Based Dietary Guidelines for the elderly in South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1: South African FBDGs,* preliminary and revised EFBDGs.**

SAFBDGs	Preliminary EFBDGs	Revised EFBDGS
Enjoy a variety of foods	Enjoy a variety of nutritious foods	Enjoy a variety of nutritious foods
Be active!	Be active	Be active
Make starchy foods part of most meals	Make whole grain starchy food part of most meals	Whole grain starchy food, in small portions, could form part of meals
Eat plenty of vegetables and fruit every day	Eat plenty of coloured vegetables and fruit every day	Eat plenty of different coloured vegetables and fruit every day
Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly	Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly	Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly
Have milk, maas or yoghurt every day	Drink milk, maas or yoghurt every day	Drink or eat milk, maas, cheese or yoghurt every day
Fish, chicken, lean meat or eggs can be eaten daily	Fish, chicken, lean meat or eggs should be eaten daily	Include fish, chicken, lean meat or eggs in most meals
Drink lots of clean, safe water	Drink lots of clean, safe water regularly throughout the day	Drink clean, safe water and/or other fluids throughout the day even if you do not feel thirsty
Use fats sparingly. Choose vegetable oils, rather than hard fats	Use fat sparingly; choose vegetable oils rather than hard fats	Use fat sparingly; choose vegetable oils rather than hard fats
Use sugar and foods and drinks high in sugar sparingly	Use food and drinks high in sugar sparingly	Use food and drinks high in sugar sparingly
Use salt and food high in salt sparingly	Use salt and food high in salt sparingly	Use salt, salty seasonings and food high in salt sparingly
	Use alcohol sensibly	If you drink alcohol, drink sensibly
		Eat clean and safe food

* FBDGs: Food based dietary guidelines.

** EFBDGs: Elderly food based dietary guidelines.

Table 2: The SAEFBDGs* in English, Afrikaans, isiZulu, IsiXhosa and Sesotho

English

South African Food Based Dietary Guidelines for the elderly

1. Enjoy a variety of nutritious foods 2. Eat plenty of different coloured vegetables and fruit every day 3. Eat dry beans, split peas, lentils and soya regularly 4. Include fish, chicken, lean meat or eggs in most meals 5. Drink or eat milk, maas, cheese or yoghurt every day 6. Drink clean, safe water and/or other fluids throughout the day even if you do not feel thirsty 7. Whole grain starchy food, in small portions, could form part of meals 8. Use fat sparingly; choose vegetable oils rather than hard fats 9. Use salt, salty seasonings and food high in salt sparingly 10. Use food and drinks high in sugar sparingly 11. Be active 12. If you drink alcohol, drink sensibly 13. Eat clean and safe food

Afrikaans

Suid Afrikaanse Voedsel Gebaseerde Dieet Riglyne vir bejaardes

1. Geniet ‘n verskeidenheid voedsame voedselsoorte 2. Eet genoeg verskillend-gekleurde groente en vrugte elke dag 3. Eet gereeld droë bone, gesplete ertjies, lensies en soja 4. Sluit vis, hoender, maer vleis of eiers in meeste van u maaltye in 5. Drink of eet elke dag melk, maas, kaas of joghurt 6. Drink skoon, veilige water en/of ander vloeistowwe deur die dag al is u nie dors nie 7. Volgraan styselvoedsel, in klein porsies, kan deel vorm van maaltye 8. Gebruik vet spaarsamig; kies groente olie eerder as harde vet 9. Gebruik sout, souterige geurmiddels en kos met ‘n hoë soutgehalte versigtig 10. Gebruik kos en vloeistowwe met ‘n hoë suikerwaarde oordeelkundig 11. Wees aktief 12. Indien u alkohol gebruik, doen so oordeelkundig 13. Eet skoon en veilige kos

IsiZulu

Imihlahlandlela yokudla yabantu abadala echanzwe kususelwa ezincadini

1. Thokozela ukudla okunomsoco okwehlukene 2. Idla izinhlobonhlobo zezithelo nemifino njalo ngosuku 3. Jwayela ukudla ubhontshisi, uphizi, udali kanye ne soya 4. Bandakanya izihlanzi ezidliwayo (ufishi), inyama yenkukhu, inyama engenawo amafutha amaningi noma amaqanda ukudleni kwakho njalo uma ungakwazi 5. Phuza noma udle ubisi, amasi, ushizi nezinye izinhlobonhlobo zokudla ezisuselwe obisini njalo ngosuku 6. Phuza amanzi aphephile nahlanzekile, noma uphuze okungamanzi kulo lonke usuku noma ungomile 7. Ungabandakanya isikali esincane sokusanhlamvu ologayiwe okunesitashi kanye nokudla kwakho 8. Sebenzisa kancane amafutha. Jwayela amafutha okupheka kunamanoni enyama noma amafutha aqinile 9. Sebenzisa isikali esincane sikasawoti, nezinandisi zokudla ezinosawoti kanye nokudla okunosawoti omningi 10. Sebenzisa kancane ukudla neziphuzo ezinoshukela omningi. 11. Khuthala no ujwayele ukuzivocavoca 12. Uma uphuza uphuzo oludakayo luphuze ngendlela enomqondo 13. Idla ukudla okuhlanzekile nokuphephile nsuku zonke

IsiXhosa

Imigaqo ne mimiselo ejongene yokutya ukusempilweni kuMzantsi Afrika ebantwini badala

1. Yonwabela intlobo nge ntlobo zukutya okondlayo 2. Yitya izifuno neziqhamo ezimabala bala rhoqo mihla yonke 3. Itya imbotyi, erityisi, ezincinci kwakunye ne mbotyi ezinenempilo (soya) rhoqo 4. Makubekho Intlanzi, inkuku, inyama engatyebanga okanye amaqanda ngamaxesha amaninzi ekuyteni kwakho 5. Sela ubusi utye amasi, iyoghurti, kwa kunye nesonka samasi rhoqo.  6. Sela acocekileyo, nakhuselekiyo amanzi kwakunye nezinye iziselo nokuba uziva unganxanwanga 7. Ukutya okune ngqolowa, ngoko mlinganiselo omncinci, kungaba ngezinye intwanantwana ozityayo 8. Sebenzisa amafutha kancinci khetha i oyile yemifuno endaweni yokusebenzisa amanqatha 9. Sebenzisa ityiwa, neziqholo nokutya okunetyiwa eninzi kancinci 10. Sebenzisa ukutya ne ziselo ezineswekile encinci 11. Iba nento oyenzayo kwaye ukhuthale 12. Ukuba usela utywala, sela usenzingqondweni 13. Itya ukutya okucocekileyo nokukhuselekileyo

Sesotho

1. Thabela mefuta e fapaneng ya dijo tse ahang mmele 2. Eja mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ya meroho le ditholwana ka mehla le mehla 3. Eja dinawa tse omelletseng, dithotse tsa meroho, lentils le soya ka mehla le mehla? 4. Etsa hore hobe le tlhapi, kgoho, nama e senang mafura kapa mahe dijong tse ngata 5. Enwa lebese, mafi, kase kapa yoghurt ka mehla le mehla 6. Enwa metsi a hlwekileng le a bolokehileng kapa mefuta e meng ya dino letsatsi lohle le ha osa nyorwa 7. Ditlheferetsi tse nang le setatjhe, ka palo e nnyane, e k ba karolo ya dijo 8. Sebedisa mafura hanyenyane, kgetha mafura a meroho hoena le mafura a thata 9. Sebedisa letswai, mefuta e meng ya matswai le dijo tse nang le letswai le lengata hanyenyane 10. Sebedisa dijo le dino tse nang le tswekere e ngata hanyenyane 11. E ba matjato / Kapa e ba mafolofolo 12. Ha eba o nwa nnotahi, e nwe ka kelohloko 13. Eja dijo tse hlwekile le tse bolok

* SAEFBDGs: South African Elderly Food Based Dietary Guidelines.