The prognostic significance of POD24 in peripheral T-cell lymphoma

Figures & data

Table 1. First-line therapy regimens for patients with PTCL, subset by subtype.

	Total	AITL	PTCL-NOS	ENKTL	ALCL	Others
Number	106	29	24	33	11	9
First-line treatment
CHOP	46 (43.4%)	17 (58.6%)	9 (37.5%)	5(15.2%)	8 (72.7%)	5 (55.6%)
CHOPE	19 (17.9%)	6 (20.7%)	8 (33.3%)	2 (6.1%)	2 (18.2%)	1(11.1%)
CHOP-like	7 (6.6%)	3 (10.3%)	1 (4.2%)	3 (9.1%)
COP	10 (9.4%)	2 (6.9%)	4 (16.7%)	2 (6.1%)	1 (9.1%)	1(11.1%)
CTOP	6 (5.6%)	1 (3.4%)	2 (8.3%)	1 (3.0%)		2(22.2%)
GDP	3 (2.8%)			3 (9.1%)
DDGP	15 (14.1%)			15 (45.5%)
GemOx	1 (0.9%)			1 (3.0%)
SMILE	1 (0.9%)			1 (3.0%)
Combined RT	22 (20.8%)		3 (12.5%)	18 (54.5%)	1 (9.1%)
Combined HSCT	19 (17.9%)	3 (10.3%)	5 (20.8%)	8 (24.2%)	1 (9.1%)	2(22.2%)

CHOP, cyclophosphamide doxorubicin vincristine prednisolone; CHOPE, CHOP plus etoposide; COP, cyclophosphamide vincristine prednisolone; CTOP, cyclophosphamide pirarubicin vincristine prednisolone; GDP, gemcitabine dexamethasone cisplatin; DDGP, gemcitabine dexamethasone cisplatin L-asparaginase; GemOx, gemcitabine oxaliplatin; SMILE, dexamethasone methotrexate ifosfamide L-asparaginase etoposide; RT, radiotherapy; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Figure 1. Consort diagram for screening PTCL patients.

Table 2. Clinical characteristics of 106 patients with PTCL, all patients and subset by POD24 status.

	All (N = 106)	POD24 (N = 66)	No POD24 (N = 40)	p-value
Age (years)	19–82	22–77	19–82
Median age	52	54	50
Sex Male/Female	63/43	39/27	24/16
Age > 60 years	29 (27.4%)	19 (28.8%)	10 (25.0%)	0.672
Stage III or IV	65(61.3%)	47(71.2%)	18(45.0%)	0.007
ECOG PS 2–4	30(28.3%)	26(39.4%)	4(10.0%)	0.001
LDH > ULN	58(57.4%)	42(66.7%)	16(42.1%)	0.016
IPI 3–5	37(34.9%)	32(48.5%)	5(12.5%)	<0.001
PA < LLN	51(48.1%)	41(62.1%)	10(25.0%)	<0.001
ALB < LLN	65(61.3%)	46(69.7%)	19(47.5%)	0.023
HB < 120 g/L	49(46.2%)	38(57.6%)	11(27.5%)	0.003
PLT < 100 × 10^9/L	14(13.2%)	11(16.7%)	3(7.5%)	0.177
β2-MG > ULN	36(52.2%)	30(69.8%)	6(23.1%)	<0.001
WBC < 3.5 × 10^9/L	14(13.2%)	10(15.2%)	4(10.0%)	0.448
NEC < 1.8 × 10^9/L	12(11.3%)	10(15.2%)	2(5.0%)	0.110
LYC < 1.0 × 10^9/L	31(29.2%)	19(28.8%)	12(30.0%)	0.894
bone marrow invasion	10(9.4%)	9(13.6%)	1(2.5%)	0.057
extranodal invasion	71(67.0%)	45(68.2%)	26(65.0%)	0.736

Notes: p < 0.05 is indicated in bold.

ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Tumor group performance status; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ULN, upper limit of normal; LLN, lower limit of normal; PA, prealbumin; AL-B, albumin; HB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; β2-MG, β2-microglobulin; WBC, White blood cell; NEC, neutrophil count; LYC, lymphocyte count; POD24, progression of disease within 24 months.

Figure 2. Overall survival (OS) and Progression-Free-Survival (PFS). (A) OS of all PTCL patients. (B) PFS of all PTCL patients. (C) OS in the POD24 group and no POD24 group. In the no POD24 group, OS was significantly superior to the POD24 group (P < 0.0001). The 3-year OS rate in the POD24 group was 16.0%. (D) OS in the POD12 group and no POD12 group. In the no POD12 group, OS was significantly superior to the POD12 group (P < 0.0001). The 3-year OS rate in the POD12 group was 15.2%.

Figure 3. OS of PTCL subtypes. The 5-year OS rates in AITL, PTCL-NOS, ENKL, ALCL, and others was 37.4%, 37.7%, 60.5%, 81.8%, and 16.7%, respectively.

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis of Overall Survival (OS) in all patients.

	Univariate		Multivariate
	Hazard ratio (CI)	p value	Hazard ratio (CI)	p value
Age > 60 years	1.523 (0.838-2.769)	0.168
Sex Male/Female	0.949 (0.539-1.673)	0.857
Stage III, IV	3.368(1.668-6.804)	0.001	2.100(0.596-7.401)	0.248
B symptom	2.260 (1.270-4.024)	0.006	0.762(0.282-2.065)	0.594
ECOG PS 2–4	2.189 (1.219-3.931)	0.009	1.279(0.441-3.707)	0.650
LDH > ULN	1.886(1.016-3.501)	0.044	0.996(0.338-2.937)	0.994
IPI 3–5	2.732 (1.548-4.823)	0.001	0.458(0.141-1.484)	0.193
PA < LLN	3.065 (1.705-5.509)	<0.001	0.932(0.268-3.242)	0.912
ALB < LLN	2.265(1.216-4.216)	0.010	2.767(0.716-10.692)	0.140
HB < 120 g/L	1.507(0.859-2.644)	0.152
PLT < 100 × 10^9/L	2.265(1.178-4.352)	0.014	0.424(0.097-1.856)	0.255
β2-MG > ULN	2.792(1.285-6.063)	0.009	0.648(0.164-2.561)	0.536
WBC < 3.5 × 10^9/L	1.553(0.727-3.316)	0.256
NEC < 1.8 × 10^9/L	2.325(1.124-4.815)	0.023	0.666(0.147-3.018)	0.598
LYC < 1.0 × 10^9/L	1.068(0.581-1.963)	0.833
bone marrow invasion	1.884(0.795-4.467)	0.150
extranodal invasion	1.037(0.575-1.869)	0.904
POD24	29.306 (8.694-98.786)	<0.001	52.622(5.225-529.939)	0.001
POD12	9.596(4.895-18.809)	<0.001	2.135(0.556-8.200)	0.269
disease remission	0.102(0.055-0.190)	<0.001	0.200(0.057-0.703)	0.012

Notes: p < 0.05 is indicated in bold.

OS, overall survival; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Tumor group performance status; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ULN, upper limit of normal; LLN, lower limit of normal; PA, prealbumin; ALB, albumin; HB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; β2-MG, β2-microglobulin; WBC, White blood cell; NEC, neutrophil count; LYC, lymphocyte count; POD24, progression of disease within 24 months.

Figure 4. Prognostic factors for OS in the POD24 group. (A) OS of patients with different stages. (B) OS in ALB normal group and ALB reduced group.

Data availability statement

The dataset used during the study is available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.