The impact of Chinese calligraphy practice on athletes’ self-control

Figures & data

Figure 1 . The Impact of Calligraphy Practice on Athletes’ Persistent Self-control.

Note. Significant difference between groups is indicated by # and significant effects are indicated by *. Error bars represent ± 1 SE.

Table 1 . Descriptive statistics of athletes’ persistent self-control (M ± SD).

	Calligraphy Group (n = 53)		Control Group (n = 53)
Indicators	Pre-test	Post-test	Pre-test	Post-test
Persistence time (s)	102.15 ± 46.84	131.98 ± 62.93	122.36 ± 68.39	113.17 ± 62.31
RMSSD (ms)	65.40 ± 35.76		64.59 ± 40.70
HF (ms)	316.81 ± 408.24 (n = 47)		302.67 ± 360.77 (n = 48)

Figure 2 . The Impact of Calligraphy Practice on Athletes’ Emotion.

Note. Significant difference between groups is indicated by # and significant effects are indicated by *. Error bars represent ± 1 SE.

Table 2 . Descriptive statistics of athletes’ emotions (M ± SD).

	Calligraphy Group (n = 53)		Control Group (n = 53)
Indicators	Pre-test	Post-test	Pre-test	Post-test
Positive emotion	7.32 ± 1.48	7.89 ± 1.27	7.74 ± 1.53	7.15 ± 1.32
Fatigue	2.00 ± 0.72	1.53 ± 0.60	1.80 ± 0.66	1.88 ± 0.75
Vigor	3.36 ± 0.87	3.46 ± 0.87	3.36 ± 0.69	3.03 ± 0.82
SC (μS)	3.58 ± 1.34(n = 52)		3.19 ± 1.63
ST (℃)	33.32 ± 4.76(n = 52)		33.55 ± 0.73

Note. SC = Skin conductivity; ST = Skin Temperature.

Figure 3 . The Impact of Calligraphy Practice on Athletes’ Inhibitory Self-control.

Note. Significant difference between groups is indicated by # and significant effects are indicated by *. Error bars represent ± 1 SE.

Table 3 . Descriptive statistics of athletes’ inhibitory self-control (M ± SD).

	Calligraphy Group (n = 51)		Control Group (n = 50)
Indicators	Pre-test	Post-test	Pre-test	Post-test
Reaction training lamp task
PC	0.90 ± 0.05	0.94 ± 0.04	0.89 ± 0.06	0.91 ± 0.06
RT (s)	0.96 ± 0.09	0.91 ± 0.09	0.94 ± 0.10	0.91 ± 0.11
IES	1.07 ± 0.14	0.96 ± 0.11	1.07 ± 0.15	1.00 ± 0.14
RMSSD (ms)	75.31 ± 51.37 (n = 51)		61.52 ± 43.29 (n = 49)
HF (ms)	330.49 ± 417.40 (n = 41)		203.96 ± 181.54 (n = 42)

Note. RT = reaction time; PC = proportion of correct responses; IES = inverse efficiency score.

Table 4 . Descriptive statistics of athletes’ emotion (M ± SD).

	Calligraphy Group (n = 51)		Control Group (n = 50)
Indicators	Pre-test	Post-test	Indicators	Pre-test
Positive emotion	7.02 ± 1.46	6.96 ± 1.52	6.64 ± 1.38	6.74 ± 1.58
Fatigue	2.02 ± 0.61	1.80 ± 0.67	2.02 ± 0.75	1.98 ± 0.78
Vigor	3.29 ± 0.74	3.41 ± 0.89	3.19 ± 0.81	3.00 ± 0.77
SC (μS)	3.51 ± 1.32		3.70 ± 1.40
ST (℃)	33.48 ± 1.00		33.46 ± 0.88

Note. SC = Skin conductivity; ST = Skin Temperature.