Vaccination coverage and factors associated with adherence to the vaccination schedule in young children of a rural area in Burkina Faso

Figures & data

Table 1. Analyses of association between background factors and FIC¹.

Factors	N (%^2)	FIC (%)	PR (95%CI) ^3	[p-value]	Adjusted PR^4 (95%CI)	[p-value]
Sex				[p = 0.69]		[p = 0.85]
Male	1995 (50)	79	Ref.		Ref.
Female	2021 (50)	78	0.99 (0.96–1.03)		1.00 (0.96–1.03)
Area				[p < 0.001]		[p < 0.001]
Rural	3210 (80)	81	Ref.		Ref.
Urban	806 (20)	68	0.84 (0.80–0.89)		0.83 (0.78–0.87)
Year of visit				[p = 0.003]		[p < 0.001]
2012	648 (16)	72	Ref.		Ref.
2013	2082 (52)	79	1.09 (1.03–1.15)		1.10 (1.04–1.16)
2014	1286 (32)	81	1.12 (1.06–1.18)		1.11 (1.05–1.18)
Education				[p = 0.50]		[p = 0.02]
Not educated	3646 (91)	78	Ref.		Ref.
Educated	370 (9)	80	1.02 (0.97–1.08)		1.08 (1.02–1.13)
Place of birth				[p = 0.86]		[p = 0.50]
Health facility	3506 (87)	79	Ref.		Ref.
Home	337 (8)	79	0.99 (0.94–1.05)		0.98 (0.92–1.04)
Missing	173 (4)	58
Occupation				[p = 0.15]		Omitted
No salary	3656 (91)	80	Ref.
Salary	186 (5)	75	0.94 (0.86–1.02)
Missing	174 (4)	58
Ethnicity				[p = 0.002]		Omitted
Bwamu	1098 (27)	79	Ref.
Marka	1424 (35)	83	1.05 (1.01–1.09)
Mossi	656 (16)	77	0.97 (0.92–1.02)
Peulh	371 (9)	75	0.95 (0.89–1.02)
Samo	223 (6)	71	0.90 (0.83–0.99)
Others	75 (2)	80	1.01 (0.90–1.14)
Missing	169 (4)	57
Religion				[p = 0.65]		[p = 0.26]
Muslim	2354 (59)	79	Ref.		Ref.
Catholic	1147 (29)	79	0.99 (0.95–1.03)		0.96 (0.93–1.00)
Others	345 (9)	81	1.02 (0.96–1.08)		1.01 (0.94–1.08)
Missing	170 (4)	58
Marital status				[p = 0.21]		[p = 0.25]
Not married	125 (3)	74	Ref.		Ref.
Married	3722 (93)	79	1.07 (0.96–1.19)		1.06 (0.96–1.18)
Missing	169 (4)	57
Mother’s age^5				[p = 0.46]		[p = 0.34]
<19	622 (15)	77	Ref.		Ref.
20–34	2631 (66)	80	1.03 (0.98–1.08)		1.03 (0.98–1.08)
34–49	588 (15)	80	1.04 (0.98–1.10)		1.04 (0.98–1.10)
Missing	175 (4)	58
Twin				[p = 0.40]		Omitted
No	3729 (93)	79	Ref.
Yes	118 (3)	82	1.04 (0.95–1.13)
Missing	169 (4)	57
Season of birth				[p = 0.69]		Omitted
Dry season	2379 (59)	79	Ref.
Rainy season	1637 (41)	78	0.99 (0.96–1.03)

¹FIC: fully immunized child: having received the following recommended vaccinations by 12 months of age: BCG, 3 doses of oral polio vaccine, 3 doses of pentavalent vaccine and one dose of measles vaccine. ²Number and percentage of the 4016 children fulfilling the criteria, the proportion with missing information corresponds to the remaining fraction. ³PR: prevalence ratio estimated in a binomial regression model. ⁴Estimated among the 3836 children with complete information on included factors (96%: 3836/4016). Occupation, Ethnicity, Twinning status, and Season of birth omitted due to over-parameterization of the model. ⁵Age of the mother at the time of the birth of the child classified as in Sie et al. [23]. Using maternal age in quartiles did not change the conclusions: ≤21 years: Reference; 22–25 years: PR = 1.01 (0.96–1.06); 27–32 years: PR = 1.03 (0.98–1.07); ≥33 years: PR = 1.03 (0.98–1.08)

Figure 1. Vaccination coverage curves for children in Nouna HDSS 2012–2014 overall and subdivided by children who were fully immunized (FIC) and not FIC. Kaplan–Meier survival curves indicate vaccination coverage at specific ages. Black line: BCG vaccination; red lines: vaccination with pentavalent vaccines; blue lines: oral polio vaccine and green lines: measles vaccine.

Table 2. Analyses of association between background factors and FICIS¹ among FIC².

Factors	N (%)^3	FICIS (%)	PR (95%CI)^4	[p-value]	Adjusted PR (95%CI)^5	[p-value]
Sex				[p = 0.33]		[p = 0.58]
Male	1569 (50)	81	Ref.		Ref.
Female	1579 (50)	79	0.98 (0.95–1.02)		0.99 (0.96–1.03)
Area				[p = 0.39]		[p = 0.96]
Rural	2598 (83)	80	Ref.		Ref.
Urban	550 (17)	82	1.02 (0.98–1.07)		1.00 (0.95–1.05)
Year of visit				[p = 0.003]		[p < 0.001]
2012	468 (15)	76	Ref.		Ref.
2013	1640 (52)	78	1.03 (0.98–1.09)		1.02 (0.96–1.09)
2014	1040 (33)	85	1.12 (1.06–1.19)		1.12 (1.05–1.18)
Education				[p = 0.00]		[p = 0.03]
Not educated	2853 (91)	79	Ref.		Ref.
Educated	295 (9)	86	1.08 (1.03–1.14)		1.08 (1.02–1.14)
Place of birth				[p = 0.86]		[p = 0.89]
Health facility	2782 (88)	80	Ref.		Ref.
Home	266 (8)	80	0.99 (0.93–1.06)		1.00 (0.93–1.06)
Missing	100 (3)	78
Occupation				[p = 0.72]		Omitted
No salary	2908 (92)	80	Ref.
Salary	139 (4)	81	1.02 (0.94–1.10)
Ethnicity				[p = 0.29]		Omitted
Bwamu	868 (28)	80	Ref.
Marka	1181 (38)	81	1.00 (0.96–1.05)
Mossi	504 (16)	81	1.01 (0.96–1.06)
Peulh	279 (9)	76	0.94 (0.87–1.01)
Samo	159 (5)	78	0.97 (0.89–1.06)
Others	60 (2)	87	1.08 (0.97–1.20)
Missing	97 (3)	77
Religion				[p = 0.34]		[p = 0.59]
Muslim	1869 (59)	80	Ref.		Ref.
Catholic	902 (29)	82	1.03 (0.99–1.07)		0.96 (0.93–1.00)
Others	279 (9)	79	0.99 (0.93–1.06)		1.01 (0.94–1.08)
Missing	98 (3)	78
Marital status				[p = 0.18]		[p = 0.25]
Not married	93 (3)	85	Ref.		Ref.
Married	2958 (94)	80	0.94 (0.86–1.03)		1.06 (0.96–1.18)
Missing	97 (3)	77
Mother’s age^5				[p = 0.32]		[p = 0.14]
<19	482 (15)	78	Ref.		Ref.
20–34	2092 (66)	81	1.04 (0.99–1.10)		1.03 (0.98–1.08)
34–49	472 (15)	80	1.02 (0.96–1.09)		1.04 (0.98–1.10)
Missing	102 (3)	75
Twin				[p = 0.85]		Omitted
No	2954 (94)	80	Ref.
Yes	97 (3)	79	0.99 (0.89–1.10)
Missing	97 (3)	77
Season of birth				[p = 0.05]		Omitted
Dry season	1870 (59)	81	Ref.
Rainy season	1278 (41)	78	0.96 (0.93–1.00)

¹FICIS: fully immunized child: having received the following recommended vaccinations by 12 months of age in the recommended sequence: BCG < oral polio vaccine (OPV)-1 + pentavalent (Penta)-1 < OPV2 + Penta2 < OPV3 + Penta3 < Measles vaccine. ²FIC: fully immunized child: having received the following recommended vaccinations by 12 months of age: BCG, 3 doses of oral polio vaccine, 3 doses of pentavalent vaccine and one dose of measles vaccine. ³Number and percentage of the 3148 children fulfilling the criteria, the proportion with missing information corresponds to the remaining fraction. ⁴PR: prevalence ratio estimated in a binomial regression model. ⁵Estimated among the 3042 children with complete information on included factors (3042/3148). Occupation, Ethnicity, Twinning status, and Season of birth omitted due to over-parameterization of the model. ⁶Age of the mother at the time of the birth of the child classified as in Sie et al. [23]. Using maternal age in quartiles did not change the conclusions: ≤21 years: Reference; 22–25 years: PR = 1.02 (0.97–1.07); 27–32 years: PR = 0.98 (0.93–1.03); ≥33 years: PR = 0.99 (0.94–1.04)

Sie A, Niamba L, Ye M, et al. Rapport annuel: Système de surveillance démographique et de sante (SSDS) de Nouna CRSN. 2011.

 Google Scholar