Subnational regional inequality in access to improved drinking water and sanitation in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Indonesian National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS)

Figures & data

Table 1. Access to improved drinking water and sanitation in Indonesia: national and provincial averages (SUSENAS, 2015).

Provinces, grouped by island/area	Access to improved drinking water (95% CI)	Access to improved sanitation (95% CI)	Number of districts
National average	71.0 (70.6–71.4)	62.1 (61.7–62.6)	510
Sumatra
Aceh	61.2 (59.3–63.2)	54.7 (52.6–56.7)	23
North Sumatra	71.4 (70.1–72.8)	67.9 (66.5–69.2)	33
West Sumatra	66.6 (64.7–68.4)	45.0 (43.0–47.1)	19
Riau	74.2 (72.3–76.2)	51.3 (49.1–53.5)	12
Jambi	62.7 (60.3–65.2)	58.2 (55.7–60.7)	11
South Sumatra	65.2 (63.1–67.2)	61.3 (59.3–63.3)	17
Bengkulu	41.1 (38.2–44.0)	39.2 (36.0–42.6)	10
Lampung	55.1 (53.0–57.1)	44.8 (42.6–47.1)	15
Bangka-Belitung Islands	68.0 (65.0–71.0)	80.8 (78.4–83.0)	7
Riau Islands	84.1 (81.9–86.3)	72.0 (67.3–76.2)	7
Java-Bali
DKI Jakarta	93.4 (92.3–94.5)	89.3 (86.8–91.3)	6
West Java	67.2 (65.9–68.5)	59.4 (58.0–60.9)	27
Central Java	73.6 (72.5–74.7)	67.2 (66.0–68.4)	35
DI Yogyakarta	81.0 (78.4–83.6)	86.3 (83.9–88.4)	5
East Java	76.6 (75.6–77.7)	63.5 (62.3–64.6)	38
Banten	67.7 (65.6–69.8)	67.0 (64.6–69.4)	8
Bali	91.3 (89.8–92.8)	85.5 (83.5–87.2)	9
Nusa Tenggara Islands
West Nusa Tenggara	71.7 (69.1–74.3)	63.7 (61.0–66.4)	10
East Nusa Tenggara	62.7 (60.6–64.8)	23.9 (22.1–25.8)	22
Kalimantan
West Kalimantan	68.4 (66.3–70.5)	39.8 (37.4–42.2)	14
Central Kalimantan	57.0 (54.1–59.9)	35.9 (33.4–38.5)	14
South Kalimantan	62.2 (59.9–64.6)	60.1 (57.8–62.4)	13
East Kalimantan	78.1 (75.2–81.1)	68.8 (65.2–72.2)	10
North Kalimantan	84.6 (81.2–88.0)	48.4 (43.6–53.3)	5
Sulawesi
North Sulawesi	71.5 (69.2–73.9)	66.8 (64.1–69.4)	15
Central Sulawesi	61.5 (58.8–64.2)	55.4 (52.7–58.0)	13
South Sulawesi	72.1 (70.5–73.6)	72.4 (70.8–73.8)	24
Southeast Sulawesi	77.2 (74.9–79.5)	63.6 (61.1–66.1)	14
Gorontalo	66.5 (63.0–70.0)	55.0 (51.5–58.4)	6
West Sulawesi	53.9 (49.9–57.9)	51.2 (47.5–54.9)	6
Maluku Islands
Maluku	65.0 (61.4–68.5)	60.0 (57.0–62.9)	11
North Maluku	60.1 (56.6–63.6)	59.2 (55.9–62.4)	10
Papua
West Papua	68.9 (64.8–72.9)	62.8 (58.6–66.8)	13
Papua	51.3 (48.9–53.7)	28.0 (26.1–30.0)	28

Figure 1. Access to improved drinking water in 34 provinces in Indonesia (SUSENAS 2015).

Figure 2. Access to improved sanitation in 34 provinces in Indonesia (SUSENAS 2015).

Figure 3. Access to improved drinking water and sanitation in 510 districts across 34 provinces in Indonesia (SUSENAS 2015).

Figure 4. Access to improved drinking water and sanitation in 510 districts across 7 islands/areas in Indonesia (SUSENAS 2015).

Table 2. Access to improved drinking water and sanitation: absolute and relative within-province inequality in 34 Indonesian provinces (SUSENAS 2015).

	Access to improved drinking water		Access to improved sanitation
Provinces, grouped by island/area	Absolute inequality* (percentage points)	Relative inequality**	Absolute inequality* (percentage points)	Relative inequality**	Number of districts
Sumatra
Aceh	11.4	18.7	16.8	30.7	23
North Sumatra	15.1	21.1	19.4	28.5	33
West Sumatra	14.0	21.1	15.9	35.4	19
Riau	10.5	14.1	23.2	45.2	12
Jambi	16.6	26.4	16.5	28.3	11
South Sumatra	12.6	19.4	13.4	21.8	17
Bengkulu	13.7	33.3	17.2	43.8	10
Lampung	11.1	20.1	16.0	35.7	15
Bangka-Belitung Islands	6.0	8.8	7.5	9.2	7
Riau Islands	13.3	15.8	17.6	24.5	7
Java-Bali
DKI Jakarta	5.1	5.5	2.7	3.1	6
West Java	12.1	18.1	16.3	27.4	27
Central Java	7.6	10.3	13.4	19.9	35
DI Yogyakarta	4.9	6.1	9.0	10.5	5
East Java	8.8	11.4	16.2	25.5	38
Banten	14.1	20.8	18.4	27.5	8
Bali	5.9	6.5	11.5	13.4	9
Nusa Tenggara Islands
West Nusa Tenggara	7.0	9.8	7.0	11.0	10
East Nusa Tenggara	15.7	25.1	16.1	67.4	22
Kalimantan
West Kalimantan	21.4	31.4	22.9	57.6	14
Central Kalimantan	13.6	23.8	22.5	62.8	14
South Kalimantan	14.0	22.5	14.4	24.0	13
East Kalimantan	13.3	17.0	16.2	23.5	10
North Kalimantan	7.9	9.4	18.3	37.8	5
Sulawesi
North Sulawesi	8.9	12.5	11.3	16.8	15
Central Sulawesi	12.0	19.6	10.0	18.0	13
South Sulawesi	10.6	14.7	13.0	17.9	24
Southeast Sulawesi	6.0	7.8	11.0	17.3	14
Gorontalo	8.0	12.1	11.4	20.7	6
West Sulawesi	13.1	24.4	8.7	16.9	6
Maluku Islands
Maluku	10.0	15.4	17.0	28.4	11
North Maluku	15.0	25.0	18.1	30.6	10
Papua
West Papua	15.2	22.1	14.5	23.2	13
Papua	25.5	49.7	25.9	92.3	28

*Absolute inequality is measured by the Mean Difference from Mean (MDM).

**Relative inequality is measured by the Weighted Index of Disparity (IDIS – W)

Figure 5. Access to improved drinking water and sanitation: province average and absolute within-province inequality in 34 provinces across 7 islands/areas in Indonesia (SUSENAS 2015).