Delays during emergency obstetric care and their determinants among mothers who gave birth in South Gondar zone hospitals, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study design

Figures & data

Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, June

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Age (in years)	<20 20–34 ≥35	51 347 61	11.1 75.6 13.3
Residence	Urban Rural	287 172	62.5 37.5
Marital status	Married ^a Others	456 3	99.3 0.6
Ethnicity	Amhara ^b Others	457 2	99.6 0.4
Religion	Orthodox ^c Others	443 16	96.5 3.5
Education of the mother	Educated Uneducated	292 167	63.4 36.6
Occupation of the mother	Employed Unemployed	110 349	24.0 7.6
Education of the husband (N = 457)	Educated Uneducated	116 341	25.3 74.3
Occupation of the husband (N = 457)	Employed Unemployed	164 293	35.9 63.8
Family monthly income	≥2000 1001–1999 ≤1000	252 100 107	54.9 21.8 23.3

NB: ^a others: single and divorced, ^b others: Tigre and Oromo, ^c others: Muslim and protestant

Table 2. Obstetrics related characteristics for delays during emergency obstetric care in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, June to July 2019

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Parity	Primi-para Multi-Para	212 247	46.2 53.8
ANC visits	Yes No	392 67	85.4 14.6
Number of ANC visit(n = 392)	Less than four Greater than four	253 139	64.6 35.4
Planned pregnancy	Yes No	302 157	65.8 34.2
Wanted pregnancy	Yes No	441 18	96.1 3.9
Time of labor start	Day Night	265 194	57.7 42.3
Ever had a history of home delivery (n = 247)	Yes No	125 122	50.6 49.4
Pregnancy outcome(n = 459)	Live birth Stillbirth	438 21	95.4 4.6
Arrived from which location	Other health facilities ANC ward Home/some else	139 9 311	30.3 2.0 67.8
The current mode of delivery	SVD Instrumental delivery C/S	383 30 46	83.4 6.5 10.0
Complication after delivery	Yes No	44 415	9.6 90.4
Type of complication after delivery (n = 44)	Severe vaginal bleeding High bleed pressure Fever Headache	22 12 4 6	50 27.3 9.1 13.6

Table 3. Health-facility related factors for delays during emergency obstetric care in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, June to July 2019

Variables	Categories	frequency	Percentage (%)
Public transport service in your area to go to a health facility	Yes No	355 104	77.3 22.7
Frequency of transportation (n = 355)	Daily Not daily	292 63	82.25 17.75
Nearest health institution	Ye No	441 18	96.1 3.9
Referred from another health facility	Yes No	135 324	29.4 70.6
Mode of transportation	Ambulance Public bus ^a Other	161 100 198	35.1 21.8 64.4 3.1

NB: ^a others: foot, local stretcher and Horse

Table 4. Associated factors for delays during emergency obstetric care in South Gondar Zone hospitals, Ethiopia, June to July 2019

Variables	Delay to institutional delivery Yes No		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Residence Urban Rural	140 134	32 153	1.00 5(3.19–7.82)	1.00 4.1(2.40–7.01)*
Maternal education Educated Uneducated	145 129	147 38	1.00 3.(2.24– 5.28)	1.00 4.6(2.45–8.52)*
Maternal Occupation Employed Unemployed	219 55	130 55	1.00 1.6(1.1–2.59)	1.00 0.9(0.48–1.84)
Education of husband Educated Uneducated	90 184	26 157	1.00 1.8(2.95–4.80)	1.00 0.8(0.40–1.49)
Occupation of husband Employed Unemployed	82 192	82 101	1.00 1.9(1.28– 2.80)	1.00 0.9(0.51–1.47)
ANC visit Yes No	220 54	172 13	1.00 2.3(1.54– 3.40)	1.00 1.8(1.32–3.18)*
Number of ANC visit Greater than four Less than four	86 134	53 119	1.00 3.3(1.61–6.63)	1.00 2.1(0.05–5.17)
Planned of pregnancy Yes No	201 101	73 84	1.00 3.2(1.71– 6.14)	1.00 1.3(0.59–2.95)
Time of labor start Day Night	182 83	83 102	1.00 2.4(1.66–3.57)	1.00 1.8(0.17–2.85)
Referred from another health facility to the selected hospital Yes No	126 148	31 154	4.3(2.69– 6.65) 1.00	2.7(1.59–4.44) * 1.00

NB: *indicates p-values ≤ 0.001