A comparative study based on localized surface plasmon resonance optical characteristics of green synthesized nanoparticles towards spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions

Figures & data

Figure 1. The UV-visible spectrum of silver nanoparticles (a) and the UV-visible spectrum of Ag-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (b).

Figure 2. The FTIR spectrum of Araucaria bidwilli plant extract (a); the FTIR spectrum of silver nanoparticles (b) and the FTIR spectrum of Ag-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles (c).

Figure 3. SEM images of silver monometallic nanoparticles (a–d): 500 nm (a); 1 µm (b), 2 µm (c) and 5 µm (d) and SEM images of silver nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (e-h): 500 nm (e); 1 µm (f); 2 µm (g) and 5 µm (h).

Figure 4. The EDX spectrum of monometallic nanoparticles (a) and the EDX spectrum of bimetallic nanoparticles (b).

Table 1. Elemental composition percentage of Ag nanoparticles.

Element	Weight %
Ag	76.39
Oxygen	23.61
Total	100

Table 2. Elemental composition percentage of Ag-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles.

Elements	Weight%
Ag	56.47
Ni	38.96
O	4.57
Total	100

Figure 5. X-ray diffractogram of silver monometallic nanoparticles (a) and X-ray diffractogram of silver nickel bimetallic nanoparticles (b).

Figure 6. (a) Effect of pH on spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nickel nanoparticles (Ag-Ni NPs) (Conditions: concentration of cupric ions = 8 µM, volume of cupric ions = 0.1 mL, volume of nanocomposite = 3 mL and time of contact = 30 min); (b) Effect of time on spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nickel nanoparticles (Ag-Ni NPs) (Conditions: concentration of cupric ions = 8 µM, volume of cupric ions = 0.1 mL, volume of nanocomposite = 3 mL); (c) Effect of ionic strength on spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nickel nanoparticles (Ag-Ni NPs). (Conditions: concentration of cupric ions = 8 µM, volume of cupric ions = 0.1 mL, volume of nanocomposite = 3 mL, volume of NaCl = 0.1 mL and concentration of NaCl = 200–1000 µM); (d) Effect of copper concentration on spectrophotometric determination of cupric ion using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nickel nanoparticles (Ag-Ni NPs) (Conditions: volume of cupric ions = 0.1 mL, volume of nanocomposite = 3 mL) and (e) Selectivity studies for spectrophotometric determination of cupric ions using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nickel nanoparticles (Ag-Ni NPs) (Conditions: concentration of cupric or other metallic ions = 10 µM, volume of cupric ions or other metallic ions = 0.1 mL and volume of nanocomposite = 3 mL).

Table 3. Determination of Cu⁺² in the real water sample.

Nanoparticles	Added Cu^+2 µM	Detected Cu^+2 µM	Recovery %	RSD
Ag NPs			–	–
	0.6	0.63	105	3.4
	3	3.05	102	1.2
	5	4.95	99	0.7
Ag-Ni NPs			–	–
	0.6	0.619	103	2.2
	3	2.96	98	0.94
	5	5.12	102	1.7

Data availability statement

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this submitted manuscript.