286
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Monitoring the response of Saudi Arabia's largest fossil aquifer system to climate variability

Article: 2331991 | Received 29 Nov 2023, Accepted 14 Mar 2024, Published online: 27 Mar 2024

Figures & data

Figure 1. Areal extent of the study area with lateral change in the geological formation.

Figure 1. Areal extent of the study area with lateral change in the geological formation.

Figure 2. GRACE Total Water Mass variation over northeastern Saudi Arabia, (a) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Hail province, (b) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Al-Jouf province, (c) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Al-Hudud Ash-Shamaliyah (Northern Borders) province.

Figure 2. GRACE Total Water Mass variation over northeastern Saudi Arabia, (a) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Hail province, (b) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Al-Jouf province, (c) GRACE Total Water Mass variation over Al-Hudud Ash-Shamaliyah (Northern Borders) province.

Figure 3. CSR RL06.2 mass variation over northeastern Saudi Arabia, Hail province, Al-Jouf province and Al-Hudud Ash-Shamaliyah province. For the two periods (a) first period 2002 to 2017 (Trend 1, Trend 2), (b) second period 2018 to 2020 (Trend 3).

Figure 3. CSR RL06.2 mass variation over northeastern Saudi Arabia, Hail province, Al-Jouf province and Al-Hudud Ash-Shamaliyah province. For the two periods (a) first period 2002 to 2017 (Trend 1, Trend 2), (b) second period 2018 to 2020 (Trend 3).

Figure 4. Average Annual Rainfall (Precipitation) (2002–2020) over the study area from GPCC rainfall data.

Figure 4. Average Annual Rainfall (Precipitation) (2002–2020) over the study area from GPCC rainfall data.

Figure 5. GRACE TWS Trend from (2002–2020) over the study area as extracted from GRACE CSR Rl0602.

Figure 5. GRACE TWS Trend from (2002–2020) over the study area as extracted from GRACE CSR Rl0602.

Figure 6. The areal extent of the study area in Saudi Arabia, the general distribution of elevation and Stream network.

Figure 6. The areal extent of the study area in Saudi Arabia, the general distribution of elevation and Stream network.