https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8015-7554
Figures & data
Figure 1. The comprehensive approach to resilience.
Figure 2. Resilient system qualities and contributions of nature-based solutions. Source: Author, adapted from Arup. 2014. City resilience framework. City resilience index. New York: the Rockefeller foundation https://www.arup.com/perspectives/publications/research/section/city-resilience-index.
Figure 3. Surface constructed wetlands. Source: Abou-Elela, S.I., et al., 2019.
Figure 4. Subsurface gravel wetlands (vertical or horizontal flow). Source: vymazal, J., 2005.
Figure 5. Catalogue of constructed wetlands (CWS) for Urban Resilience. Source: adapted from X. Lu. 2019. Building resilient infrastructure for the future: background paper for the G20 climate sustainability working group. ADB sustainable development working paper series. No. 61. Manila: Asian development Bank.
Figure 6. Benefits of constructed wetlands for managing climate and disaster risks. Source: World Bank, 2021. A catalogue of nature-based solutions for urban resilience. Washington, D.C. World Bank group.
Figure 7. Comparison between several types of constructed wetlands (Cws) and the area required for each.
Figure 8. Zones make up the Wadi hanifah project. Source: https://www.landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/wadi-hanifah.
Figure 9. Wadi hanifah existing situation (bioremediation site, restoring natural landscape, open-space attraction, family booths and semi-enclosed sections). Source: https://www.landscapeperformance.org/case-study-briefs/wadi-hanifa.
Figure 10. Weiliu Wetland Park site location, existing conditions upstream and downstream (layout & zones). Source: https://landezine.com/weiliu-wetland-park-by-yifang-ecoscape.
Figure 11. Weiliu Wetland Park existing situation (bioremediation site, restoring natural landscape, open-space attraction, family booths and semi-enclosed sections). Source: https://landezine.com/weiliu-wetland-park-by-yifang-ecoscape.
Figure 12. South LA Park site location, existing conditions upstream and downstream (layout & zones). Source: (LPS-CSB- 1041, 2016).
Figure 13. South LA Wetland Park Existing situation (stormwater runoff treatment design, currently fully operational park, supplying community recreational possibilities). Source: (Shannon, K., et al., 2016- LPS-CSB- 1041, 2016).
Figure 14. Cities classification in Egypt. Source: Author, adapted from World Bank, 2021. A catalogue of Nature-based solutions for urban resilience. Washington, D.C. World Bank Group.
Figure 15. The vertical section proves the potential of integrating constructed wetlands (cws) as nature-based solutions into urban landscapes (coastal, riverine, and desert) to enhance urban resilience and support disaster risk management. Source: Author, adapted from World Bank, 2021. A catalogue of nature-based solutions for urban resilience. Washington, D.C. World Bank Group.
