Correlates of concurrency among young people in Carletonville, South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1. Percentage distribution of sexually active respondents for selected characteristics.

	Men	Women
	n (%)	n (%)
Age
14–16 years	99 (17.7)	86 (13.8)
17–18 years	143 (25.5)	123 (19.8)
19–21 years	178 (31.8)	226 (36.3)
22–24 years	140 (25)	187 (30.1)
Marital status
Married or living as married	31 (5.5)	108 (17.4)
Never married	529 (94.5)	513 (82.6)
Living in squatter settlement
Yes	156 (27.9)	251 (40.4)
No	404 (72.1)	371 (59.7)
Migrant worker
Yes	47 (8.4)	45 (7.2)
No	509 (91.6)	568 (92.8)
Education completed
None	23 (4)	25 (4)
Primary	131 (23)	153 (25)
Secondary	378 (68)	409 (66)
Post matric	28 (5)	35 (6)
Monthly income
<R50	267 (47.7)	260 (41.8)
R50–R200	181 (32.3)	248 (39.8)
>R200	112 (20.0)	114 (18.3)
Occupation
Trader	27 (4.8)	33 (5.3)
Student	151 (27.1)	290 (46.7)
Unemployed	334 (59.9)	277 (44.6)
Other employment	46 (8.2)	21 (3.4)
Ethnic group
Tswana	234 (42.0)	221 (35.9)
Zulu	47 (8.4)	42 (6.8)
Xhosa	158 (28.6)	193 (31.7)
Sotho	88 (15.7)	118 (19.5)
Other	29 (5.2)	39 (6.3)
Alcohol at least once per month
Yes	235 (42.0)	100 (16.1)
No	324 (58.0)	521 (83.9)
Lifetime partners
One	129 (23.1)	211 (34.1)
Two	120 (21.5)	164 (26.5)
Three or more	309 (55.4)	244 (34.4)
Number of current relationships
None	148 (26.6)	149 (24.7)
One	288 (51.9)	383 (63.7)
Two or more	119 (21.4)	69 (11.5)
Partner concurrency^a
No	207 (37)	228 (36.7)
Yes	353 (63)	394 (63.3)
At least one partner was 5 or more years older
No	551 (98.4)	401 (64.5)
Yes	9 (1.6)	221 (35.5)
Condom used always with last 5 casual partners
No	467 (84.0)	536 (87.9)
Yes	89 (16.0)	74 (12.1)
Age at first sex
≤5 years	158 (28.2)	74 (11.9)
>15 years	402 (71.8)	547 (88.0)
Respondent would use a condom if partner so requested
No	71 (12.7)	72 (11.6)
Yes	488 (87.3)	546 (88.3)
Respondent would refuse to have sex with someone who refused a condom
No	230 (41.4)	220 (35.7)
Yes	325 (58.6)	396 (64.3)
Respondent would be able to refuse sexual intercourse if they did not want to have sex
No	123 (22.0)	98 (15.8)
Yes	436 (78.0)	523 (84.2)

^aAt least one partner had an additional sex partner whilst in sexual relationship with respondent.

Table 2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for respondent concurrency.

	Sexually active men (n-548)			Sexually active women (n-599)
	aOR	95% CI	P-value	aOR	95% CI	P-value
Age			.418			.061
14–16 years	1.0
17–18 years	1.5	0.6–3.5	.344	1.4	0.5–4.4	.546
19–21 years	0.8	0.3–2.0	.645	0.7	0.2–2.2	.526
22–24 years	0.8	0.2–2.5	.671	2.0	0.6–7.3	.284
Married or living as married
No	1			1
Yes	3.6	1.0–12	.048	6.5	3.0–14.1	<.001
Living in informal housing settlement
No	1
Yes	1.8	1.0–3.3	.035	2.7	1.5–5.1	.002
Migrant worker
No	1			NE
Yes	1.7	0.7–4.2	.245
Education completed						.411
None	NE			1
Primary				0.5	0.1–1.6	.225
Secondary				0.4	0.1–1.3	.117
Post matric				0.2	0.1–1.6	.140
Monthly Income			.198			.298
<R50	1
R50–R200	1.7	0.9–3.1	.072	0.7	0.4–1.5	.396
>R200	1.4	0.6–3.0	.436	1.3	0.6–2.9	.537
Occupation			.347
Trader	1			NE
Student	1.2	0.3–4.1	.788
Unemployed	0.9	0.2–3.3	.897
Other employment	2.5	0.6–9.6	.188
Ethnic group			.238			.895
Tswana	1			1
Zulu	3.0	1.1–8.5	.037	0.6	0.2–2.3	.480
Xhosa	1.7	0.8–3.8	.191	0.8	0.3–1.8	.526
Sotho	1.3	0.6–2.8	.519	0.8	0.3–1.8	.572
Other	1.0	0.3–3.8	.953	0.6	0.2–2.1	.394
Alcohol at least once per month
No	NE			1
Yes				3.1	1.5–6.5	.002
Lifetime partners			.000			.078
One	1			1
Two	3.0	1.4–6.4	.004	1.1	0.5–2.4	.819
Three or more	7.6	3.8–15.1	<.001	2.3	1.1–5.0	.034
Partner concurrency^a
No	1			1
Yes	8.2	4.8–13.9	<.001	7.1	3.7–13.7	<.001
At least one partner was 5 or more years older
No	NE			1
Yes				2.5	1.3–4.6	.005
Condom used always with last 5 casual partners
No	1			1
Yes	0.4	0.2–1	.043	0.8	0.2–2.9	.768
Years since sexual debut			.690			.802
0–3	1
4–6	0.7	0.3–1.5	.411	0.7	0.3–1.8	.495
>=7	0.7	0.3–1.8	.487	0.8	0.3–2.3	.642
Respondent would use a condom if partner so requested
No				NE
Yes	0.5	0.2–1	.049
Respondent would refuse to have sex with someone who refused a condom
No	NE			1
Yes				0.3	0.2–0.6	.001
Respondent would be able to refuse sexual intercourse if they did not want to have sex
No	NE			1
Yes				0.3	0.2–0.7	.002

^aAt least one partner had an additional sex partner, whilst in sexual relationship with respondent.

NE, not entered; aOR, adjusted odds ratio.