Externalizing behaviours of Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch youth: The role of parental cultural socialization

Figures & data

Table 1. Means and standard deviations for Turkish-Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch participants.

	Item scale range	Participants
		Turkish-Dutch	Moroccan-Dutch
Parental cultural socialization	1(low)-5(high)	3.37 (.87)	3.01 (.89)
In-group connectedness	1(low)-5(high)	4.36 (.81)	4.33 (.73)
Externalizing problem behaviour	1(low)-3(high)	1.47 (.49)	1.38 (.42)
Male	1/0	.48	.44
Education	1(low)-3(high)	1.96 (.79)	2.10 (.72)
SES	1(low)-5(high)	3.50 (1.15)	3.65 (1.43)

Table 2. Pearsons correlations for Turkish-Dutch (N = 143, above diagonal) and Moroccan-Dutch (N = 164, below diagonal) participants on the main variables.

	1	2	3
1. Parental cultural socialization	–	.41***	.14^†
2. In-group connectedness	.25**	–	−.13
3. Externalizing problem behaviour	.26**	.13	–

*** p < .001

** p < .01

* p < .05

^† p < .10.

Figure 1. Path model of the association between parental cultural socialization and externalizing problem behavior mediated by in-group connectedness for Turkish-Dutch youth.

Notes: The total effect is shown between brackets. ***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05; †p < .10; gender (b = .21; SE = .09; p < .05) and education (b = −.19; SE = .09; p < .10) were (marginally) significantly associated with externalizing problem behaviour.

Figure 2. Path model of the association between parental cultural socialization and externalizing problem behaviour mediated by in-group connectedness for Moroccan-Dutch youth.

Notes: The total effect is shown between brackets. ***p < .001; **p < .01; †p < .10; gender had a significant association with externalizing problem behaviour (b = .28; SE = .06; p < .001).