Figures & data
Figure 1. Algorithm of inverse springback analysis for compensating springback error in V-bending process.
Figure 2. Algorithm of inverse springback analysis by FEM.
Figure 3. Algorithm of compensating springback error by inverse FE modelling.
Figure 4. Stress–strain curve of applied sheets: (a) St-12 (thickness = 1 mm) and (b) annealed CK45 (thickness = 1 mm).
Figure 5. Die setting for (a) initial (90° bending) and (b) optimised (90° bending) V-bending process (dimensions are in millimeter).
Figure 6. Convergence diagram for V-bending process: (a) inverse algorithm and (b) forward algorithm.
Figure 7. Proposed and obtained bending angle and radius by inverse approach.
Figure 8. Deformed shape at the end of loading and unloading steps: (a) forward analysis and (b) inverse analysis.
Figure 9. Asymmetric bending results: (a) asymmetric bending die, (b) die profiles in each try and (c) convergence diagram.
Figure 10. Comparison of the obtained product shape with the target shape.
Figure 11. V-bending test and the obtained product.
Figure 12. Asymmetric bending test.
Figure 13. Comparison of the experiment product with the target shape.
